What motorcycles can you drive without a license in 2021?

When purchasing a scooter from any organization, the following must be completed:

• Contract of sale;
• Cashier's check.

When purchasing from a private person for more than 10 thousand rubles, an agreement is concluded in paper form; if the purchase was less than 10 thousand rubles, an oral agreement is possible.

Since November 5, 2013, Russian legislation has decreed that everyone who wants to purchase a scooter must undergo specialized training and pass a qualification exam.

The decision to introduce this was made due to numerous accidents involving persons who did not know the traffic rules. Since until November 5, scooters could be driven by both minors and persons under the influence of alcohol.

At the moment, only persons who have received a category “M” license can drive a scooter.

Category "M" includes:

• Scooters;
• Mopeds;
• ATVs.

Obtaining rights is possible if the following requirements are met:

1. Age 16 or more;
2. Persons who have provided medical evidence of their health status.

Diseases that make it impossible to obtain rights:

• Deafness;
• Glaucoma;
• Weakened vision;
• Less than three months have passed since vision correction;
• Heart diseases;
• Chronic bronchial and pulmonary;
• Lack of limbs; Colorblindness;
• Paralytic strabismus; Limited horizons of more than 20%;
• Damage or deformation of the skull;
• Violation of the vestibular apparatus.

If you have such diseases, obtaining a license is impossible.

What knowledge is needed to successfully pass the certification?

The Ministry of Education has created a training program. The program includes:

1. Traffic Laws;
2. Psychophysiological foundations. Behavioral norms, ethical standards, basic communication on the road and others;
3. Fundamentals of management in extreme situations;
4. Requirements for the transportation of passengers and cargo;
5. Minimum vehicle maintenance skills that may be needed on the road;
6. Methods of providing medical assistance in the event of an accident;
7. A method for resolving conflict situations. Legislation related to road traffic and types of liability.

Why do scooters now require a license?

Moped drivers can ride on the roadway, shoulder and bicycle lane. They are full participants in the road traffic. Unfortunately, many mopedists were not aware of their responsibility and did not even study the traffic rules before going out on public roads. This led to a large number of accidents, including those involving minors, since mopeds were often driven by teenagers.

To change this situation, in November 2013 the government made amendments to the Federal Law “On Road Safety”. From this moment on, auxiliaries became necessary even for driving mopeds with an engine capacity of up to 50 cm3. Now mopedists must undergo training at a driving school and pass an exam at the traffic police. The category of rights is designated by the symbol “M” and is issued to persons over 16 years of age.

Do you need documents for a 50cc scooter?

What documents are needed for a scooter (50cc)? Do you even need a license to drive such a vehicle? Documents for such a scooter are definitely needed, because scooters are now classified as either mopeds or motorcycles. It all depends on the technical characteristics of the vehicle. Documents for a 50cc scooter. are also necessary, because the driver of this vehicle is directly involved in road traffic. Both personal safety and the safety of other road users depend on the attentiveness and competence of the scooter driver.

Traffic regulations assure that documents of the appropriate type for a scooter (50 cubic meters) are required. The form of a category M driver's license is presented in the article. What does the document for a scooter (50cc) look like? The driver of a scooter is issued a license in the same form as a driver of a car, motorcycle or truck, only a different category is indicated.

Who doesn't need to open a category?

The peculiarity of the “M” category is that it is included in any other existing category and subcategory of driver’s licenses. In other words, if a citizen has a license “B” (for cars), “A” (for motorcycles) or any other category, then he automatically receives permission to drive mopeds.

But there is an exception when the driver cannot operate a scooter, although he has a license of a different category. It is due to medical restrictions: some drivers can drive cars, but cannot cope with two-wheeled vehicles.

Obtaining a driver's license category to drive a scooter

Documents for driving a scooter are a whole package of papers, differing depending on what kind of scooter the driver is going to drive. In the simplest case, this is a passport and a driver’s license with an open category M. If the moped is more powerful, then a license with category A1 or A, as well as a title and insurance.

If everything is clear with PTS and insurance, the registration process is quite simple, then you will have to deal with rights and categories more specifically. Here's what specific categories of rights allow:

• Category M - allows you to drive a vehicle with an engine of up to 50 cubic meters, which does not require any other documents other than a license. A driver in this category cannot drive a vehicle with more powerful engines. There are separate rules for mopeds that are different from those for regular motorcycles or cars. These will be the documents for a scooter up to 50cc.
• Category A1 is a completely different category, close to A, but at the same time has a power limit of up to 150 cubic meters. Also, anyone can get it without any problems at the age of 16.
• Category A - allows you to drive all types of motorcycles, these are already more powerful units with engines with a capacity of more than 150 cubic meters, obtaining a license in this category is strictly required from the age of 18.

What documents do mopedists need?

A scooter is recognized as a vehicle belonging to the “M” license category only if its engine capacity is no more than 50 cm3 and its maximum speed is 50 km/h. In other cases, this vehicle is legally considered a motorcycle or light motorcycle. The list of required documents depends on the type of vehicle you belong to.

If the scooter engine capacity is up to 50 cc

To drive mopeds with an engine capacity of less than 50 cm3, only a driver's license is required. Such vehicles are not registered with the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate, nor are they issued with an MTPL policy, so the license plate is the only document that State Traffic Inspectorate employees can require from the driver.

Experienced mopedists are also advised to have copies of 2 more documents with them: the first is confirmation of ownership (a receipt from the store or a sales contract), the second is any technical books from the manufacturer containing the characteristics of the moped. The law does not provide for the obligation to have these documents, but their presence will avoid some conflicts with traffic police inspectors.

A receipt or certificate of insurance is needed to prove ownership, since STS and compulsory motor liability insurance are not issued for a moped. However, if such a scooter is not wanted, then there should be no reason to check ownership. And if he is still wanted, the check will be carried out in court, and not on the road. That is, according to the law, the driver is not required to carry these documents with him. Unfortunately, even traffic police officers do not always act according to the law, so it will be easier to show a copy of the document than to start a showdown.

The situation is the same with technical books confirming engine size and maximum possible speed. There is not a single standard that would require a mopedist to confirm the technical characteristics of his moped. However, it will be easier to show the technical book to the inspector on the road than to receive fines for driving without license plates, STS and OSAGO, and then appeal them in court.

Important! It is better to keep the originals of these documents at home, and only take photocopies with you, which you won’t mind losing or damaging.

If the scooter engine capacity is over 50 cc

If the engine capacity is more than 50 cm3 or its power is more than 4 kW, then this vehicle is recognized not as a moped, but as a motorcycle. They require a license of a different category: “A1” for motorcycles with an engine capacity of up to 125 cm3 or “A”, suitable for motorcycles of any power. In addition, the scooter will have to be registered with the traffic police: undergo maintenance, receive a title, register, set license plates, issue an STS, buy an MTPL insurance policy.

Consequently, mopeds belonging to categories “A1” and “A” are subject to all the document requirements that are established for other vehicles. Their driver is required to carry with him not only his license, but also STS and OSAGO. But in addition to their responsibilities, such drivers also have rights: they can drive across the entire width of the roadway and can move along with cars.

If the scooter engine capacity is up to 50 cc

In short, the documents themselves are not needed for a scooter with an engine capacity of up to 50 cubic meters, you just need to have a license of the appropriate category. In this case, this is category M (that is, the right to drive mopeds). This category also includes driving a vehicle with an electric motor up to 4 kW and a moped with a special “cradle”.

Persons who have any other category open are also allowed to drive this group of vehicles. This means that if a person has a license to drive a car, then he will not have to retrain for category M. He can simply take a moped and go, and if he is stopped by a traffic police officer, the driver has the right to give his license to the officer and move on if he has not committed no violations.

Please note that it is possible to obtain a category M license at the age of 16; you just need to complete a training course and pass an exam at the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate. To obtain the rights of most other categories, you will have to wait until you reach adulthood.

Otherwise, we can say that other documents are not needed to drive a scooter of this type, since in Russia they are not officially issued, just like for bicycles. But still, many advise carrying with you a receipt for the scooter, or some kind of manual that came with it upon purchase, since in this case it will be much easier to prove to the traffic police officer that the scooter belongs to you and is not listed as stolen. Although the owner of the scooter is not obliged to provide documents not required by the traffic rules.

It is important to remember that according to the law, an employee has the right to demand only a driver’s license if the driver operates a scooter up to 50 cc. He can check whether a given copy is stolen through a special system, and the procedure is carried out quite quickly.

How do you process documents for a moped?

If a moped, or rather a light motorcycle, needs to be registered with the traffic police, then the driver will have to go through several simple procedures. First, you need to collect all the required documents: passport, sales contract or check, PTS or customs declaration.

If the scooter was bought secondhand, then you need to find out from the previous owner whether it was registered. Without a title, a registered vehicle cannot be re-registered in your name. If the seller says that he has lost the title, then before the sale he should restore this document to the traffic police. Refusal to issue a PTS will be an alarming signal that the moped may be stolen. If a scooter is purchased in a showroom or from a person who has not yet registered the vehicle with the State Traffic Inspectorate, then you should ask not only for a receipt confirming the purchase, but also for a cargo customs declaration (CCD).

The remaining registration procedures do not differ from those carried out with cars. The buyer needs to take out a compulsory motor liability insurance policy, register with the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate, and pay the state registration fee. duties, come with the necessary documents for registration and provide the vehicle for inspection. After all the procedures, the new owner of the motorcycle will be given an STS and license plates.

Do I need a license to drive a scooter?

In simple human language, the new law warns drivers that everyone who drives any mechanical vehicles (cars, mopeds, motorcycles, etc.) is required to have a driver’s license or, to put it simply, a driving license means. They are issued for almost all categories of vehicles, with the exception of bicycles and mechanical vehicles with engines with a power of less than 0.25 kW.

The traffic rules also have a footnote that explains that an engine is a special mechanical device that converts fuel or electrical energy into mechanical energy and sets in motion other devices of a motor vehicle, ultimately setting the vehicle itself in motion.

Answering the question about whether documents are needed for a scooter, we can definitely say that yes, because in this case a scooter is classified as either a moped or a motorcycle, depending on its technical characteristics. And in accordance with the new law, drivers of both must have a driver's license.

What to do if you don’t have any documents for your moped?

If the documents for the moped were lost, then, in fact, there is nothing wrong with that. Problems can only arise if the previous owner of the moped files a report of theft. If he still has the receipts, and the new owner does not have a purchase and sale agreement, then the legal process may drag on for a long time until the buyer proves that the transaction was completed. In other cases, documents for a moped are not required. However, it is worth storing them in any case, since it is unknown what innovations will be introduced into legislation in the future.

How to make documents for a scooter (50cc)

The paperwork process is similar to what drivers of cars, trucks or motorcycles go through. To obtain documents for a 50cc scooter, drivers must enroll in a driving school for a theoretical and practical training course. Independent preparation for the exam for category M is allowed.

When driving this vehicle, the traffic police inspector will need to present a category M license for a 50 cc scooter or a permit to drive a vehicle.

Is there a fine for not having a moped driver's license?

The punishment for not having a driver's license for moped drivers is no less severe than for motorists. For driving a scooter without a license, a fine ranges from 5,000 to 25,000 rubles. If a disenfranchised driver drives a scooter that is not his own, then the owner of the vehicle who handed over control to him may also be punished. For the owner, the fine is even higher - 30,000 rubles. These punishments are imposed on the basis of Art. 12.7 Code of Administrative Offences.

If the mopedist passed the exam at the traffic police and has a license, but did not take the certificate with him, then the punishment will be much milder: a warning or a fine of 500 rubles. (Article 12.3 of the Administrative Code).

In accordance with Art. 32.2 of the Administrative Code, you can get a 50% discount on any of these fines if you pay it within 20 days after issuance. Thus, penalties for driving without a license will amount to 2,500-12,500 rubles, for transferring control to such a person - 15,000 rubles, and for a forgotten license - 250 rubles.

How to pass the scooter license exam

Let's look at step-by-step instructions on how to get a license for a scooter:

• First, you should enroll in the driving school of your choice. The cost and duration of training depend directly on the chosen category. As a rule, studying for category A takes a couple of months. Receiving category M takes the same time. The average cost of training is not lower than the cost of training for category B or C. A license for a scooter will cost 7-12 thousand rubles only for theory, 16-26 thousand for theory and practice, 20-34 thousand for the full package, which includes theory, practice, medical commission, internal exam, registration for the exam at the traffic police. Attending classes only on weekends tends to be more expensive.

• In parallel with the training, you must undergo a full medical examination and obtain a certificate of authorization to drive a vehicle. This certificate must be submitted to a driving school 2 weeks before the exam.
• The most important thing is to pass the theoretical and practical test. Only successful passing of the exams will allow you to get behind the wheel of a vehicle.

Mopeds and scooters on the Russian road: what are the differences and similarities

First, let's try to understand what mopeds are and what scooters are, and what the difference is between these vehicles.

A moped is a two-wheeled vehicle that is designed for driving over relatively short distances. Of course, it is considered a very economical means of transportation, which allows it to be used even by people with little income. The moped consumes little gasoline, and its maximum speed reaches 50 km/h. This vehicle does not have a transmission. The driving pace can be adjusted using the right handle on the steering wheel, using which you can reduce or increase the speed. The brake handle is also located on the steering wheel. When starting to ride a moped, it is very important to pedal straight away.

Moped is a two- or three-wheeled mechanical vehicle, the maximum design speed of which does not exceed 50 km/h, having an internal combustion engine with a working volume not exceeding 50 cubic meters. cm, or an electric motor with a rated maximum power in continuous load mode of more than 0.25 kW and less than 4 kW. ATVs with similar technical characteristics are considered mopeds.

According to technical capabilities, a moped should not travel faster than 50 km/h

A scooter can be called a fairly close relative of a motorcycle, but in a smaller form. As a rule, scooters have gearboxes (variators) and engines with a volume that is much larger than that of mopeds. Accordingly, its speed is also much higher. The maximum can reach more than 120 km/h. It is completely controlled by hands. The legs stand on special stands. These designs make it possible to move comfortably and conveniently in a vehicle. The scooter also has a more cohesive body, which gives it a complete and respectable look.

A little history. The first mopeds appeared on the roads of the Soviet Union in the mid-fifties of the last century. They became the successors to various kinds of low-power motorcycles, of which there were many at that time even in the Soviet Union. Mopeds were gradually modernized and by the mid-seventies they became an integral part of the life of Soviet citizens. A “cool” Soviet kid of the 70s or early 80s was required to have one of the advanced Soviet mopeds of that time: “Verkhovyna”, “Riga” or “Karpaty”. The sporty version of the “Karpaty” mokik was generally considered the latest in fashion. The entire eighties passed in approximately the same rhythm.

In the mid-nineties, the usual mopeds began to be gradually replaced by their foreign “colleagues” - scooters. Europeans and Americans began to switch en masse to low-power two-wheeled vehicles that were economical, nimble and relatively safe. In the West, scooters are used not only by young people, but also by older people. If we talk about Asian countries, then the scooter has become not just a mass phenomenon, but a total phenomenon. Almost every self-respecting Chinese, Vietnamese or Thai should have a scooter in the family. In terms of status, this is approximately the same as having a car in a European and American family.

In the minds of Russians, mopeds and scooters are in a certain sense identified, although they cannot be considered equivalent representatives of the family of low-power vehicles. But the latest changes in the domestic Traffic Rules concerning the owners of such low-power vehicles have put them on a par, which has practically made them equal from a legal point of view.

A scooter is often identified with a moped, but it is usually more powerful

Customs duties on a moped, scooter or scooter

Customs payments for customs clearance of a moped, scooter or scooter consist of import customs duties, VAT and customs duties. The basis for the calculation is the customs value of imported motor vehicles. No recycling or excise duty is paid. Excise tax must be paid when importing motorcycles with a power of more than 150 hp.

For processing a customs declaration, a customs fee is paid, the rate of which depends on the customs value.

What fines and other sanctions await violators for driving without a license?

Unfortunately, many continue to be negligent in complying with the requirements of the law. This can be especially seen in the Russian outback. Here, drivers of scooters and mopeds often travel heavily on the road without any documents, without helmets; they can trust the driving of such vehicles to children who have no driving experience. And although the traffic police are trying their best to combat this phenomenon, the negligence and lack of obligation of scooter riders continues to be the talk of the town among Russian drivers. Many people may not know, but the law provides for a very substantial fine for driving a scooter or moped without the appropriate category on your license.

Article 12.7 of the Administrative Code clearly regulates administrative liability for committing such an offense. If a driver is stopped by a traffic police officer and does not have the right to drive the vehicle he is driving, then he can be fined a very substantial amount: from 5,000 to 15,000 rubles. If the vehicle is driven by a driver who has been legally deprived of the right to drive a vehicle, then such an unscrupulous “rider” will receive an administrative fine of 30,000 rubles. He can also be arrested for fifteen days or sentenced to compulsory labor for up to two hundred hours.

As you can see, the legislative scope in this case is very wide. It all depends on the situation, the identity of the offender and the firmness of the traffic police inspector. Sometimes there are cases when traffic police stop a scooter or moped rider and find out that he has neither registration numbers nor a license to drive this vehicle. If the vehicle has already been on Russian roads a fair amount, then the owner can, without a twinge of conscience, leave it as a “gift” to traffic police inspectors, and he himself will try to leave in order to avoid further proceedings.

It should be noted that in this case we are talking about the driver’s absolute lack of rights, and it is understood that he has never taken special courses at a driving school and has not passed exams on the theory of traffic rules at the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate. If the license was accidentally forgotten at home, then in this case the driver can be fined only 500 rubles. In some cases, traffic police inspectors meet such absent-minded motorcycle owners halfway and wait for them to bring and show them a driver’s license.

The severity of administrative punishment in relation to those who were deprived of the right to drive vehicles and in this situation got behind the wheel again is explained by the fact that this category of citizens violates the law twice.

How to open the required category on a driver's license and how much it costs

The paradox is that getting an “M” driver’s license is not so easy. After the adoption of the law in 2013, many owners of mopeds and scooters rushed to look for driving schools where they could open in the appropriate category. But imagine their disappointment when they could not find a single driving school that had already implemented an officially approved “M” category driver training program. The first driving school, which began training scooter and moped riders, appeared at the beginning of 2015. At the moment, there is an approved program for training drivers of low-power vehicles. Oddly enough, it is almost impossible to find separate groups for training scooter or moped riders in driving schools. Since Russian legislation allows people with higher categories to drive mopeds and scooters, to legalize the right to drive a scooter or moped, as a rule, they go to study for category “A” or “A1”.

Some choose higher categories because they believe that sooner or later they will move from a scooter to driving a car. Young people who drive a low-power vehicle for the first time must in any case be 16 years old. As a rule, they go straight to training to become licensed to drive a motorcycle. However, for financial reasons, sometimes it is possible to study for the “M” category. But only if it is available at the driving school. Despite the existence of a state program, the selection of groups in driving schools occurs with enviable irregularity. Therefore, when contacting the management of a driving school, they may recommend coming back in two months or simply contacting later, for example, after six months. After all, training will not be provided for one person. While waiting for a group to be recruited, you will have to drive without a license or not drive at all. The last option is much better. But do you have enough patience and willpower not to get behind the wheel of your scooter? That is why most often you have to choose categories “A/A1”.

The cost of training motorcycle drivers varies in different regions of the country and therefore cannot be given a single amount. The average size will be about 15,000 rubles. It will be somewhat cheaper to study for category “M” - about 10,000 rubles. But those who think in terms of the future go to study for higher categories. It's more practical. In order to receive the highest category, you must take the training course again. But the lowest category opens automatically . Therefore, “M”, if there is such a need, can be opened automatically by contacting the traffic police department. In this case, you will not have to pass either a theoretical or practical exam. It is enough to simply contact the traffic police department with an application to open a lower category. Although it will be opened automatically, the driver’s license itself will require replacement, since another category will be opened in it. But this process is not at all complicated; you just need to pay a small state fee to replace your driver’s license. Opening a new category without replacing the ID is technically impossible.

Federal Law “On Road Safety”, Chapter IV, Article 25, paragraph 7:

A Russian national driver's license, confirming the right to drive vehicles of any of the categories or subcategories listed in this article, confirms the right to drive vehicles of category "M".

The period during which moped and scooter drivers are trained is somewhat different from the training of motorcyclists. It will last from two to three months, depending on the frequency of classes and each individual driving school.