Import of freight road transport into the territory of the Russian Federation can be carried out by both individuals and legal entities.
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When importing cars, you must go through customs clearance and pay various taxes and duties.
How to properly register freight vehicles when importing into the Russian Federation and how much you will need to pay, read on.
What vehicles are imported to Russia and from where?
Any trucks can be imported into the territory of the Russian Federation: tractors, vans, pickups, and so on, the main condition is that the environmental class of the vehicle should not be lower than Euro 4, which is determined by environmental safety rules.
You can determine the environmental class of a vehicle:
- according to the individual vehicle number assigned by the manufacturer (VIN number);
- according to vehicle documents (this indicator must be indicated in the PTS);
- using unified databases, based on the make, model and year of manufacture of trucks. It is against such databases that the economic safety class of vehicles is checked by customs authorities.
Vehicles whose environmental class is lower than Euro 4 can also be imported into the Russian Federation, but only for dismantling for spare parts.
It should be taken into account that legal entities can transport trucks of any brand and any weight, and individuals can only transport trucks whose weight does not exceed 5 tons.
Vehicles can be supplied to Russia from any countries that are part of the Eurozone, America, China, Japan, and so on. There are no special restrictions regarding the country from which trucks are imported.
Price
When registering an imported cargo vehicle, the owner will have to pay:
- customs duty;
- recycling collection;
- VAT;
- a separate fee charged for processing documents by customs authorities.
The amount of customs duty is set at the state level and depends on factors such as:
- total weight of transported vehicles;
- age of the truck;
- engine type and size.
For the purposes of calculating customs duties, all trucks are divided into the following subtypes:
| car with a mass of no more than 5 tons | engine capacity up to 2,500 m³ (for diesel and semi-diesel cars) or 2,800 m³ (for gasoline engines) |
| vehicles weighing up to 5 tons | engine capacity more than 2,500 m³ (diesel and semi-diesel) or 2,800 m³ (gasoline) |
| machines weighing 5 - 20 tons | — |
| vehicles weighing more than 20 tons | — |
The customs duty rate varies depending on the age of the car. The following age categories are currently in effect:
- less than 3 years;
- 35 years;
- 5 – 7 years;
- more than 7 years.
The current rates are presented in the following table:
The need to pay a recycling fee was introduced by Federal Law No. 89. In accordance with established rules, the collected funds must be used to increase the level of environmental safety when disposing of vehicles.
Currently, the fee is paid by the manufacturer when issuing a car passport or by the person importing vehicles into the Russian Federation. A note on payment of the recycling fee must be included in the vehicle title.
The size of the recycling fee payable when importing a truck into the territory of the Russian Federation depends on factors such as the age of the vehicle (up to 3 years and more than 3 years), as well as the gross weight of the vehicle.
The amount of VAT does not depend on any characteristics of the vehicle and is 18% of the indicated cost. The amount of the fee charged for registration depends on the cost of the car.
Budget for truck customs clearance
A car from Japan without customs clearance is quite a rare occurrence. This is rather an exception to the rule (if the car was produced 30 or more years ago). In most cases, the help of professionals is required to do everything quickly and competently. It is impossible to answer everyone unequivocally what the final cost will be, since the price is determined based on tariffs and taking into account a number of key factors:
- Year of manufacture of the car.
- Power unit volume in kW.
- Compliance with all current environmental standards (Ecostandard Euro B). This is one of the main conditions for successful completion.
- How many years has the machine been in use?
- Engine's type.
Customs clearance of a truck from Japan is closely related to the year of its manufacture. I would like to dwell on this point in more detail:
- If the vehicle was produced less than 3 years ago, it is considered new, so customs clearance rates are affected by the price category. For each cm3 the rate is 48%.
- Used trucks, used for 3-5 years, are evaluated based on the operating displacement.
- Those cars that have been in operation for more than 5 years can be calculated at a rate depending on the engine power “under the hood”.
The customs clearance calculator for trucks from Japan, developed by our specialists, takes into account all these points and gives an approximate cost. You can get exact numbers in a personal consultation with Asia Cargo managers! We usually recommend paying attention to purchasing vehicles from Japan that are no older than 5 years, so that the cost of the car does not increase artificially. We also remind you that we are a full-service company, so if you are interested in any other goods from this country (for example, customs clearance of auto parts from Japan), we will be happy to help!
How to calculate delivery and customs clearance of a truck
So, you can make a preliminary calculation of the customs duty, determine the amount of the recycling fee and VAT yourself.
To carry out calculations, you can use the tables presented above or an online calculator.
It is easier to make the calculation using a calculator, since you do not need to independently determine the starting rates applicable for a particular vehicle.
We will calculate the customs clearance of a Volkswagen Crafter truck using a calculator located on the Avtopoisk 24 website.
Initial data:
| year of manufacture of the vehicle | 2011 |
| engine's type | petrol |
| engine capacity | 2,000 m³ |
| full mass | 2,840 kg |
| price | $160,000 |
For calculation the following are accepted:
| bid | at 20% (not less than 0.2 euros per 1 cm³) |
| 18% | VAT rate |
| recycling fee rate | 150,000 rubles |
| recycling rate | 1,25 |
As a result of the calculations we get:
| customs duty | 1,981,728 rubles |
| VAT | 2,140,266.24 rubles |
| recycling collection | 221,250 rubles |
| processing fee | 20,000 rubles |
Total – 4,363,244.24 rubles. That is, for customs clearance of a car with the specified parameters you will have to pay 4,363,244 rubles 24 kopecks.
It should be borne in mind that after independently carrying out calculations using both a calculator and tables, the cost of the operation is approximate. More accurate data can only be obtained from the customs service.
How to calculate customs clearance of a car from Japan is explained in the article: customs clearance of a car from Japan. Read about customs clearance of ATVs from China here.
Customs duties on trucks
customs duties on trucks from 09/01/2013 (rates after joining the WTO)
Please note the restrictions on the environmental class - it must be at least EURO4!
| with diesel or semi-diesel engine | ||||
| up to 3 years | from 3 to 5 years | from 5 to 7 years | more than 7 years | |
| with a total vehicle weight of no more than 5 tons and with an engine capacity of more than 2500 cm3 | duty 10% + 18% VAT | duty 14% + 18% VAT | duty 15% but not less than 0.2 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT | 1 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT |
| with a total vehicle weight of no more than 5 tons and with an engine capacity of no more than 2500 cm3 | duty 10% + 18% VAT | duty 10% + 18% VAT | duty 10% but not less than 0.2 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT | 1 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT |
| with a gross vehicle weight of more than 5 tons but not more than 20 tons | duty 15% + 18% VAT | duty 10% + 18% VAT | duty 10% but not less than 1 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT | 1 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT |
| with a gross vehicle weight of more than 20 tons | duty 8.3% + 18% VAT | duty 13.3% + 18% VAT | duty 15% but not less than 1.2 euros/cm3 + 18% VAT | 1 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT |
| with gasoline engine | ||||
| up to 3 years | from 3 to 5 years | from 5 to 7 years | more than 7 years | |
| with a total vehicle weight of no more than 5 tons and with an engine capacity of more than 2800 cm3 | duty 15% + 18% VAT | duty 19% + 18% VAT | duty 20% but not less than 0.1 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT | 1 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT |
| with a total vehicle weight of no more than 5 tons and with an engine capacity of no more than 2800 cm3 | duty 15% + 18% VAT | duty 19% + 18% VAT | duty 20% but not less than 0.2 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT | 1 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT |
| with a gross vehicle weight of more than 5 tons | duty 19% + 18% VAT | duty 19% + 18% VAT | duty 19% + 18% VAT | 1 euro/cm3 + 18% VAT |
Documentation for car registration
After determining the cost of customs clearance and the feasibility of importing the selected vehicle into the Russian Federation, for further registration it is necessary to prepare a number of documents, which includes:
- civil and foreign passports of the person importing vehicles;
- car passport The document must include a note indicating that the vehicle has been deregistered in the country of export and marks from all customs services of the countries through which the transportation was carried out;
- compulsory car insurance policy (can be issued in advance or directly upon crossing the border);
- a vehicle purchase and sale agreement, as a document that confirms the right to ownership;
- certificate;
- customs receipt;
- customs declaration.
A customs receipt and certificate are issued after a certain amount of money is deposited.
After completing customs documents, it is in this deposit account that funds will be debited to pay fees and duties provided for by current legislation.
The form and procedure for filling out the customs declaration are established by Decision of the Customs Union Commission No. 422.
The document must indicate:
- name of the operation performed (import or export);
- car registration number (if available);
- technical data of the vehicle (make, model, type, registration and VIN numbers, country of registration);
- Full name or name of the company and full name of the representative transporting the car;
- country (specific point) of destination;
- data of all vehicle crew members who take part in the transportation of vehicles;
- data of all passengers (if available);
- availability/absence of supplies;
- presence/absence of additional products;
- presence/absence of certain types of spare parts or additional equipment for the imported vehicle;
- purpose of import/export;
- Additional Information;
- signature of the applicant and date of filling out the document.
These sections are filled out by the person who imports the transport. The remaining columns of the document (date of customs clearance, name of the customs authority that carried out the clearance, and so on) are indicated by customs officers.
Registration procedure
You can carry out customs clearance of special equipment or freight transport:
- with the help of a customs broker. B. In this situation, specialists will handle the collection of documents, payment of duties and customs clearance, which will significantly reduce the time required to complete the work. But you will have to pay extra for these services. Customs brokers charge on average from 10,000 rubles to 15,000 rubles ;
- on one's own.
To carry out the customs clearance procedure for a truck yourself, you must proceed according to the following scheme:
- Contacting the customs service. During the preliminary stage of customs clearance, the following is required:
- make calculations of customs duties;
- deposit the amount of customs duties and receive a certificate and receipt as security for solvency;
- obtain a special permit to import motor vehicles of the specified model and cost.
- Import vehicles and complete customs documents by submitting a customs declaration and attached documents.
- Register the car with the traffic police.
What is unit-by-unit customs clearance of a truck?
To reduce the cost of customs clearance, a method of aggregate customs clearance was introduced.
When using this method, the following scheme is performed:
- abroad, a car is selected that satisfies the client’s needs;
- the vehicle is dismantled;
- the car body and engine are imported into the territory of the Russian Federation alternately, which significantly reduces customs duties, since the engine is a related product;
- The car is assembled in the Russian Federation and subsequently registered.
It should be noted that the method considered is not entirely legal and can only be used in exceptional cases.
Before customs clearance of a truck, you should familiarize yourself in detail with the current rules, since the import and clearance of motor vehicles from different countries may differ slightly from each other.
The timing of customs clearance of goods is described in the article: customs clearance of goods. See the page for the cost of customs clearance of cars from the USA.
Find out the rules for customs clearance of cars from Germany from this information.
Customs calculator – calculation of customs duties when importing a car
If you are planning to bring a car, do not forget about the customs duties paid upon import. Fortunately, it is not at all necessary to thoroughly study the legislation and manually calculate the amount of import duties in order to calculate the price of customs clearance of a car from Germany.
You can easily and, most importantly, quickly calculate customs duties using a car customs clearance calculator from Germany.
This customs calculator is designed to calculate the cost of customs clearance of vehicles or trailers for personal use. If you are interested in other types of goods, use the universal customs calculator Tamplat.ru.
In order to determine how much customs clearance of a car costs, it is enough to indicate the cost and age of the car, the volume, type and power of the engine, and also note whether the owner is an individual or a legal entity. The customs calculator for cars will calculate everything automatically.
As a result, you will be able to find out data on the cost of customs clearance, customs duties, deposits, excise duty and VAT (for legal entities) and exchange rates. Also, the customs clearance calculator will sum up all types of customs payments and display the final result.
The calculation of the cost of customs clearance of a car is carried out on the basis of the rates approved in the Agreement on the procedure for the movement by individuals of goods for personal use across the customs border of the Customs Union and the performance of customs operations related to their release dated June 18, 2010 and the Unified Customs Tariff of the Customs Union of the Republic of Belarus, the Republic Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation, approved by decision of the Customs Union Commission dated November 18, 2011 N 850.
For individuals, the car customs calculator uses a single rate when calculating - a fixed amount of customs duties depending on the cost of the car when importing new cars or engine size when importing used cars.
