Technical inspection franchise: is it a service or work, how to open a technical inspection point, what is required for vehicle maintenance and repair, is it necessary to have a special program and is a business license required?

What should be the inspection points?

Any car insurance policy, be it MTPL, CASCO, Technical Assistance or another, requires reliable information about the technical condition of the vehicle. Since 2012, this function has been transferred to technical inspection (TO) operators. This made the service station an attractive business segment, especially for auto repair shop owners who already had a significant technical base and premises.

Many people became interested in the idea of opening such a point. But before opening a technical inspection point, you should familiarize yourself with the RSA requirements for this business and calculate the profitability of the enterprise.

It is important to think about how, in conditions of market relations and competition, to make it attractive to car owners, who are the main consumers of service points. Based on the requirements of the Union of Motor Insurers, a technical inspection point can only be stationary and equipped with technical equipment to the required extent, again, regulated by RSA.

An accredited maintenance operator must have an address, which precludes in advance the possibility of obtaining a vehicle diagnostic card at mobile inspection points. Despite the apparent convenience of providing mobile maintenance services, it is illegal. Therefore, it is impossible to obtain a RSA certificate for a mobile inspection station.

How to open a vehicle inspection center without professionals?

Now let's talk about the staff. We think you understand perfectly well that even the newest systems can be simply useless if there are no qualified personnel capable of maintaining them. Therefore, be especially careful when selecting employees.

Imagine, they will be the ones who will have to diagnose complex vehicle systems and make often difficult decisions about issuing a special technical inspection certificate certified by a handwritten signature.

Naturally, an expert must have a certain education, special skills and professional experience. The Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation has established a list of requirements for technical service specialists. They include higher education in the field of vehicle maintenance, as well as the need to take systematic advanced training courses.

How to open a service point

The requirements for those wishing to carry out vehicle maintenance are quite simple.

To open a technical inspection point, you must:

have the status of a legal entity or individual entrepreneur;
register with the Unified State Register of Legal Entities and the tax office;
have OKVED code 71.20.5 – Maintenance of motor vehicles.

Only those who have received accreditation from the RSA (Russian Union of Motor Insurers) have the right to conduct vehicle maintenance to conclude an agreement with an insurance company.

Key points for opening a service station

The entire process of obtaining a maintenance permit consists of four stages:

legal;
technical;
financial;
organizational.

Each stage involves performing certain actions.

Legal training includes:

opening an LLC or individual entrepreneur;
passing the accreditation of the maintenance point.

The technical component includes:

choosing a location and premises appropriate to the type of activity;
technical equipment of the point according to the order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade (latest version for May 2021).

The financial side involves the development of a business plan for the project. This will allow you to determine the size of the investment and compare it with the expected revenue.

The estimated payback period is calculated based on the expected profit.

Organizational matters:

staffing the maintenance station with qualified personnel and forming a personnel reserve;
training and advanced training of existing specialists;
conducting extensive advertising of the company to attract customers.

Registration of activities

To become a technical inspection operator, you must register an enterprise according to the following scheme:

decide on the form of ownership - optimally LLC or individual entrepreneur;
provide the tax service with a prepared package of documents;
pay the state fee;
determine the most advantageous form of taxation;
obtain the required OKVED;
register with the territorially relevant medical and pension insurance organization;
obtain a RSA certificate, mandatory for all maintenance operators.

Premises requirements

Until 2012, the Requirements for the production and technical base were in force, which specified the mandatory conditions applicable to the territory.

Among the requirements were:

availability of sites for bench testing of brake systems;
availability of access roads;
parking area for disabled vehicles.

Although in the Law on Technical Inspection Federal Law No. 170 (of 2012) the requirements for the premises are reduced to the presence of a building owned or leased that has an address and is registered in the manner prescribed by law, there are three criteria that the technical inspection point must meet.

The room should be:

through for travel;
equipped with the necessary communications;
equipped with CCTV cameras to monitor vehicle maintenance.

Requirements for the technical equipment of a service point

If the requirements for the premises in which maintenance will be carried out are minimal, then the technical equipment of such a point must necessarily comply with Order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade No. 1677 dated December 6, 2011, taking into account changes dated May 25, 2021.

The document regulates:

technical means for diagnosing the condition of the vehicle;
measurement parameters;
measurement range;
permissible error;
the use of alternative equipment or the use of this stand for a specific category of transport.

To carry out maintenance, it is enough to have only the equipment that corresponds to the scope of accreditation. On average, its purchase will cost at least 350 thousand rubles, and the upper limit can reach up to a million.

Requirements for employees

In addition to the premises and equipment, the maintenance station must have at least one technical expert on staff.

To accredit an entrepreneur as a maintenance operator, the expert must meet certain requirements of the RSA.

He must have:

specialized education;
work experience in the specialty;
driver's license with categories including the scope of accreditation.

How to open your own car inspection center

In 2012, the Russian government passed a law according to which the traffic police were prohibited from carrying out vehicle inspections, transferring this procedure to private organizations.

This news became a signal for many entrepreneurs who happily took upon themselves the obligation to carry out a technical inspection of their car. In order to engage in this activity, you must have a special accreditation document from the Russian Union of Auto Insurers (RAS). To obtain this certificate, you must send a written application to the RAS, attaching the following documents:

copy of the passport;
copies of constituent documents;
a copy of an extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities;
copies of documents confirming the rights to ownership of premises and equipment;
a copy of the document confirming the possibility of transferring information to the UAIS TO;
a copy of the document confirming the qualifications of employees;
a copy of the document giving the right to carry out activities on behalf of the legal entity;
a sheet with an inventory of all attached documents;
check (copy) confirming payment for accreditation;

Accreditation depends on the category of the vehicle. This procedure is paid - 20 thousand rubles (plus 10 thousand rubles for each inspection point). You will also need to submit information about compliance with all accreditation requirements every year, for which you will have to pay 15 thousand rubles.

The decision to issue a certificate is made after 5-10 days. The organization has the right to refuse accreditation if it considers that the submitted documents are not reliable or do not meet the requirements.

If your company decides to change its name, owner, or retrain for other categories of cars, then this will require re-issuance of the accreditation certificate, which will entail additional costs in the amount of 15 thousand rubles. If you increase the inspection points, you will also have to pay 10 thousand rubles. for each.

It is not difficult to find a room for a maintenance station, but there are certain requirements for the equipment. These requirements are specified in the order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia No. 1677 dated December 6, 2011 “On approval of the main technical characteristics of technical diagnostic tools and their list.”

List of necessary equipment for technical inspection

stands for diagnosing braking systems for vehicles with different weights;
instruments that allow you to measure steering play;
equipment for checking lighting devices (correct adjustment and luminous intensity of headlights);
tools for technical diagnostics of tires (rulers, calipers);
a number of instruments for diagnosing engine systems (sound level meter, a device for identifying leaky areas, a device for measuring the number of revolutions and engine oil temperature, a smoke meter, a gas analyzer);
a tool for diagnosing the light transmittance of glass;

According to the owners of technical service points, the cost of equipment ranges from approximately 400 thousand rubles to 1 million rubles, depending on its novelty and quality. If you do not have documents on hand confirming the fact of ownership of diagnostic equipment, then you can contact the agency for technical regulation and metrology, where they will provide you with the necessary documents.

If you have decided on the choice of premises and selection of equipment, now all that remains is to find a suitable qualified employee. But here questions may arise.

Only a person with appropriate education and work experience is allowed to work in the technical inspection service. The requirements for a specialist are described in detail in Order No. 1664 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia dated December 1, 2011 “On approval of qualification requirements for technical experts.”

More specifically, the technical inspection specialist must have:

driver's license with at least 3 years of experience
higher education in a motor transport specialty (secondary education combined with an advanced diploma is allowed)
Practical work experience is required (for specialists with higher education - from 2 years, and for specialists with secondary education - from 3 years)

Initially, the fee for carrying out a technical inspection consisted of two parts - a fee of 300 rubles. and the technical inspection procedure itself, which varied in cost depending on the region, but then the state duty was abolished.

The owner of the inspection point has the right to set the price for the services offered, but the cost cannot exceed a certain fixed amount established by law. The average price for passing a technical inspection is 1,800 rubles.

The owner of a maintenance station is obliged to regularly submit information about vehicle inspections performed to a unified automated system (UAIS TO). Information is submitted through the official website of the traffic police. This must be done so that the owner of the car can then obtain insurance under OSAGO.

In case of violations on your part, if any are identified, you will first receive a warning, and after repeated notice, your accreditation will be immediately revoked. Therefore, think first of all about the future, and not about short-term money.

There are cases when owners of technical services open technical inspection points as an addition, which is not contrary to the law. It should be noted that the owner of the inspection point does not have the right to inspect his own vehicle.

To open your own car service center you need to invest 650 thousand rubles. The approximate payback period is about a year.

Accreditation issues

To obtain the status of a vehicle technical inspection point, permits are required, the issuance of which, in accordance with the Rules for Accreditation of Maintenance Operators (approved by order of the Ministry of Economic Development), is carried out by RSA. The purpose of accreditation is to determine the applicant's compliance with legal requirements.

To obtain a certificate from the RSA you must provide:

statement;
constituent documents;
extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities or Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs;
confirmation of the availability of premises - documents on ownership or rental of premises;
documents confirming the ownership or rental of the necessary technical equipment, advising the list for the selected category of transport;
documents for the provision of communication services for the regular transfer of information to a unified information system (UAISTO), containing information about car owners and their technical inspection;
confirmation of the presence of a technical expert on staff who meets the established requirements;
a power of attorney from a legal entity to confirm the competence of the signature of the person who signed the application;
inventory of attachments;
payment document confirming payment for accreditation.

The RCA permit is issued to the maintenance operator for a specific area chosen by him - the category of vehicle, which the received certificate gives him the right to inspect.

The category must be selected from the list of vehicles:

motorcycles (L);
for the carriage of passengers with less than 8 seats (M1);
with a number of passenger seats of more than 8 and a weight of less than 5 tons (M2);
with a number of passenger seats of more than 8 and a weight of more than 5 tons (M3);
cargo with a carrying capacity of less than 3.5 tons (N1);
cargo with a carrying capacity from 3.5 to 12 tons (N2);
cargo with a carrying capacity of more than 12 tons (N3);
trailers weighing less than 0.75 tons (O1);
trailers weighing from 0.75 to 3.5 tons (O2);
trailers weighing from 3.5 to 10 tons (O3);
trailers weighing over 10 tons (O4).

Documents submitted to the RSA to obtain accreditation of an organization or individual entrepreneur as a maintenance operator are reviewed within no more than 10 days.
If inaccurate data or violations in the established procedure for processing documents are detected, RSA may return the documents to correct errors or refuse to obtain permission.

If the decision of the RSA is positive, all available information about the new maintenance operator is entered into the official register.

In the summer of 2011, the function of conducting technical inspections was transferred from the traffic police to private companies. Now anyone can open their own technical inspection and make money from it. The documents required to open a private vehicle inspection are as follows. — constituent documents (copies); — a copy of the passport of an individual entrepreneur; — extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs or the Unified State Register of Legal Entities; — copies of documents that confirm the ownership of structures (or lease), as well as technical diagnostic tools with approved relevant technical characteristics; — copies of documents that confirm the possibility of transferring information to the UAIS TO; — copies of documents confirming that the organization has at least one technical expert on staff who meets the necessary approved requirements; — a copy of the document that confirms that the person who signed the application has the right to act on behalf of the legal entity; — inventory of attached documents; — a copy of the bank payment order, which confirms payment for accreditation. The owner of a commercial inspection station has the opportunity to choose either one or several areas for accreditation, that is, in which categories of vehicles he has the right to conduct inspections. The vehicle categories are as follows: — motorcycles (L); - vehicles that are used to transport passengers and have no more than eight seats, except for the driver (M1); - vehicles for the transport of passengers with more than eight seats, except for the driver, and a mass of no more than 5 tons (M2); - vehicles for the transport of passengers with more than eight seats, except for the driver, and a weight of over 5 tons (M3); — cargo vehicles weighing no more than 3.5 tons (N1); — freight vehicles weighing over 3.5, but not more than 12 tons (N2); — freight vehicles weighing more than 12 tons (N3). After the RAS receives your application, within 10 working days a decision is made on issuing a certificate or refusing it, which may happen if the applicant submitted inaccurate data or documents were drawn up with deviations from the requirements. If a positive decision is made, all information about the new operator is entered into the official register. According to a special decree of the Government of the Russian Federation on the amount of the fee for accreditation, you will have to pay 20 thousand rubles and, on top of that, 10 thousand rubles for each of the technical inspection points that are indicated in the application. Accreditation must be confirmed annually, which will cost 15 thousand rubles, plus another 10 thousand rubles for each inspection point. If you have chosen some areas of work when starting the company, and then you are going to expand their number, if you have changed the name of the company or the personal data of the owner, then you will have to re-issue the accreditation certificate, for which you will need to pay an additional 15 thousand rubles, plus 10 thousand for each item THAT. Increasing the number of inspection points will also require re-issuance of the certificate, for which you will have to pay 10 thousand rubles and 10 thousand for each point that you indicated in the application. Any room for a service point can be used, as long as the area is suitable. But special equipment is needed. Order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia dated December 6, 2011 No. 1677 “On approval of the main technical characteristics of technical diagnostic tools and their list” established the following equipment: - diagnostic equipment for brake systems (roller universal stands for checking the braking systems of cars of various weights), a universal platform stand checking braking systems, means for checking the tightness and pressure in brake actuators, a device for monitoring the effectiveness of braking systems in road conditions, a trailer coupling loader); — equipment for diagnosing steering (a device that measures the total play in the steering, testers for checking play in various parts of the suspension and steering); — diagnostic equipment for external lighting devices, for checking headlight adjustment and light intensity; — tire diagnostic tools (ruler and caliper); — diagnostic equipment for the engine and its systems (smoke meter, gas analyzer, device for monitoring the speed and oil temperature, a universal device that determines the content of pollutants in the exhaust gases, a leak detector that checks the tightness of the power system, a sound level meter); — means for diagnosing other elements (a device that checks the light transmission of glass, a ruler); - compressor, tips, pressure gauge. According to the owners of this type of business themselves, all equipment for carrying out vehicle inspections can cost from 250 thousand to one million rubles. If you purchased any equipment for technical inspections, but did not save the relevant documents, the fact of your possession can be confirmed by a certificate of its inspection, which is issued by the Federal Agency for Metrology and Technical Regulation. There are committees of this agency in the regions. Everything is more or less clear with the premises and equipment, but there are many questions regarding the requirement to have a qualified expert at each inspection point. A technical expert must meet certain qualification requirements. It is he who diagnoses the cars, decides whether or not to issue a technical inspection certificate, and certifies it with his signature. The expert must have the necessary education, work experience and skills. According to the Order of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia, the requirements have been approved, according to which a technical expert can be a specialist who has: - a professional higher education in the field of motor transport activities, confirmed by a state diploma, or a non-core higher education plus a document on advanced training, or a secondary specialized education with a diploma on advanced training. That is, the expert’s higher education may not be in the automotive field, but must be obtained at a technical university. And he will need to take courses in the advanced training program “Expert of technical control and diagnostics of motor vehicles” and receive a certificate or diploma. This year, it is still allowed that instead of a document confirming advanced training according to the program “Expert of technical control and diagnostics of motor vehicles”, the expert has a document confirming his advanced training according to the program designed for inspectors; - a driver’s license and driving experience of at least three years, and for those categories of vehicles that he is to inspect; — practical experience. An expert must not only have the necessary knowledge, but also have the skills of practical work in a production environment or in conditions of inspection or repair of automobiles. There are also restrictions on the minimum experience - those who have a higher education must have work experience in their specialty for at least two years, and those with secondary education must have at least three years. Before the new law came into force, when undergoing a technical inspection, you had to pay a state fee (300 rubles) and the cost of the technical inspection. Starting this year, commercial inspection centers charge only the fee for the inspection itself, without a fee. The cost of services is limited, and separately for each subject of the Federation. The most expensive technical inspection is in Moscow and the Primorsky Territory. In other regions, the cost has remained almost unchanged and, depending on the region and category of the vehicle, can range from 100 to 2,300 rubles. Companies that conduct technical inspections have the right to independently set prices for their services, with only one condition: they cannot be higher than the maximum tariff. Maintenance operators have the right to enter into agreements with RSA and with manufacturers of inspection coupon forms, so that they provide themselves with new forms. Companies that are accredited for this work must every day transfer to a unified automatic system (UAIS TO) data on the technical inspections they carried out and the coupons they issued. First of all, this data is necessary for insurance companies, since an MTPL policy can now be issued only with a technical inspection certificate, which is issued for a period of six months. No special software is required for data transfer: it is done through the traffic police website. The validity of the certificate may be suspended if, for example, when submitting information to the UAIS, you made a mistake, violated the accepted procedure for passing a technical inspection, or failed to complete the annual procedure confirming that your item meets the established requirements. If there are two such violations within a year, the certificate is subject to cancellation. Most technical inspection points are opened at existing auto repair shops. The law does not restrict the combination of these types of activities. The owner of a technical inspection point does not have the right to conduct a technical inspection of his vehicle, since the basis for conducting a technical inspection is an agreement, and it is impossible to conclude an agreement with oneself. This agreement does not exist in paper form, since payment for inspection services is confirmation of the conclusion of the agreement. The smallest starting capital with which you can open your own inspection point is 500 thousand rubles. If there are no other sources of profit (for example, a car repair shop), these investments will pay off in one year.

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Cost of accreditation

The cost of the maintenance operator accreditation service is regulated by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 912 of November 3, 2011. According to it, payment for each application is made in one payment.

The cost of documents for the right to conduct maintenance is:

20 thousand rubles - for reviewing documents and making a decision;
10 thousand rubles - for each maintenance item specified in the application.

The RSA certificate is issued for 1 year and must be confirmed annually. This is a paid service.

The fee is:

15 thousand rubles - for confirmation of accreditation;
10 thousand rubles - for a maintenance point.

When expanding the scope of accreditation, the maintenance operator must pay:

15 thousand rubles - for consideration of the application;
10 thousand rubles - for each maintenance point.

If an entrepreneur who has a certificate opens another technical inspection point, then in addition to the documents specified in the section on certification, he must submit an application to increase their number and make the appropriate payment.

The payment amount will be:

10 thousand rubles - for an application;
10 thousand rubles - for each new item.

Cancellation of certificate

The RSA certificate previously issued to the maintenance operator may be cancelled.

This occurs under the following conditions:

the entrepreneur has decided to terminate the activities of the maintenance operator;
termination of the activities of an LLC or individual entrepreneur;
the presence of two or more violations of RSA requirements or maintenance rules identified during the year.

Transferring the authority to carry out technical inspection of vehicles under the protectorate of the RSA, the goal was to cope with queues at the traffic police and eliminate the formal inspection of the car. Practice has shown that, despite the presence of a number of shortcomings, this step has fully justified itself. There are significantly fewer technically faulty cars on the country's roads. In this way, maintenance operators contribute to ensuring traffic safety.