Requirements for passing a technical inspection in 2021

What are the 4 essential items you need to carry in your car?

Everything here is simple and clear... On the one hand. After all, we are talking more often about passenger cars. And for them the required attributes are:

first aid kit,
fire extinguisher,
warning triangle,
reflective vest.

But there are also trucks, motorcycles and buses. So, the following compulsory subjects are provided for them:

Trucks under 3.5 tons are the same as for passenger cars.

Trucks over 3.5 tons and buses with a maximum weight over 5 tons :

first aid kit,
fire extinguisher,
warning triangle,
reflective vest,
wheel chocks (at least 2 pieces).

Motorcycles with side trailers:

first aid kit,
warning triangle,
reflective vest.

Motorcycles without a trailer - only a reflective vest.

This is perhaps a comprehensive list for 2021. All of these items, except for the cape vest, are provided for in paragraph 7.7 of the List of Faults (Traffic Regulations Appendix), and the reflective vest is provided for in the new paragraph 2.3.4 of the Rules.

What do you need to have in your car to pass the inspection?

When inspecting a vehicle, it is important not only whether the car itself is in good working order, but also whether the car has everything that needs to be carried in it at all times. Such things necessary for the safety of the motorist and passengers include a first aid kit and a fire extinguisher.

The necessary presence of them in the car is mentioned in paragraph 7.7 of the List of faults prohibiting the operation of the car. It will also not be amiss if the car has a brake light bulb, which can be replaced with a flashlight, flashing red, as well as an emergency stop sign.

What is the penalty for missing these items?

The measure of punishment has its own subtleties. Let’s look at how to avoid it below, first about the norms and amounts of fines.

Fine for first aid kit, fire extinguisher and triangle

For the absence of these items, the fine is 500 rubles. And in rare cases, you can get away with a warning - in practice it is issued very rarely if the driver has no fines at all, but in theory it can be if there are mitigating circumstances.

The norm of 500 rubles is established by part 1 of article 12.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, which provides for punishment for violating the list of faults for which the operation of a car is prohibited. That is, the above Traffic Regulations Appendix.

It is important that if you do not have a fire extinguisher, a first aid kit, or an AO sign, then only one fine can be issued, and not 3, since it is the very fact of driving that is punished in the presence of conditions prohibiting driving without these items listed in clause 7.7 List of faults.

Another subtlety of the penalty is for the absence of a triangle. If you do not have it in case of an accident, then you are subject to qualification under another administrative norm - part 1 of Article 12.27 for failure to display the AO sign in the event of an accident with a penalty of 1000 rubles. And this is legal. That is, in fact, in this case you will already receive 2 fines.

Penalty for reflective vest

There is no one for 2021. The point here is that the clause in the Traffic Rules obliging you to carry it with you and wear it under certain circumstances was introduced quite recently. And they haven’t yet come up with a fine for his absence.

Consequently, any attempts by a traffic police officer to charge you for not wearing a cape vest are unlawful - there is no article in the Administrative Code that would punish for this.
Otherwise, read the article and its part of the Code of Administrative Offences, indicated in the resolution on the violation - it must be there; without specifying the norm, the resolution is invalid. This article will not make reference to clause 2.3.4 of the traffic rules – neither specific nor general (indirect). List of fines for not having required items in the car

Item	Fine	Article of the Administrative Code
For the first aid kit	500 rubles	12.5, part 1
For the fire extinguisher	500 rubles	12.5, part 1
For the warning triangle	500 rubles and another 1000 rubles in case of an accident	12.5, part 1, 12.27, part 1
For a reflective vest	No fine	–

How to avoid a fine for a first aid kit, fire extinguisher and AO sign?

Simple enough. Everything that you are required to present to the traffic police inspector for inspection is specified in paragraph 2.1.1 of the traffic rules. And there are no specified objects there. And a traffic police officer can independently check their presence only in 2 cases:

as part of a vehicle inspection, which you can refuse or if you yourself declare that you do not have them,
within the framework of an inspection of a vehicle, for which compelling reasons are needed, and suspicions (unmotivated, however - the refusal to provide them for inspection is not a reason to suspect their absence) of the inspector are not such grounds.

That is, there is an obligation to have them, but not to present them for verification. And there can be a fine only if you yourself admit that you do not have a fire extinguisher, first aid kit or warning triangle in your car.

Something else useful for you:

Is it possible to order and legally drive without a fine with license plates without the Russian flag?
Is it necessary to comply with reduced traffic signs?
New sign “child passengers” in cars according to traffic rules – when will it come into force?

If the fire extinguisher or first aid kit is expired

An interesting nuance - can a fine be issued if you actually have a first aid kit and a fire extinguisher, but their expiration date has expired? This nuance is actually more subtle than it might seem.

On the one hand, clause 7.7 of the traffic rules clearly states that operation of the vehicle is prohibited if this fire extinguisher, first aid kit or triangle is missing That is, a fine should be imposed only for their absence, even if they are overdue.

But it's not that simple! The judge or official reviewing the violation may base his conclusion on the objectivity of the driver’s actions - especially if he was aware that he was driving with expired attributes that must be in the car. The obsolescence of these objects may constitute an offense, since it does not contribute to road safety, just as if they were completely absent.

What are the requirements for a fire extinguisher?

The requirements for a fire extinguisher are dictated only by the Technical Regulations on the Safety of Wheeled Vehicles, so it has no direct responsibilities for the driver.

Thus, the regulations provide the following rules:

Each car and motorcycle must have a place for its installation (clause 1.15.6.3): for passenger cars - 1 fire extinguisher with a volume of 2 liters,
for trucks over 3.5 tons - 2 fire extinguishers: one - 2 liters, the second - 5 liters,
for buses - 2 fire extinguishers, one of which should be located near the driver’s seat.

The driver must reach the fire extinguisher with his hand from his seat (clause 1.15.6.3.1), which is surprising, because many fire extinguishers are located in the trunk or behind the passenger compartment,

it must be sealed and with a specified expiration date,

it must be securely fastened.

Requirements for a fire extinguisher for a car 2020/2021

To ensure the fire safety of vehicles, including a fleet of personal cars, a list of requirements for a fire extinguisher intended for equipping vehicles was developed. The Ministry of Civil Defense and Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation and Rospozhnadzor took part in the development of these rules. Today these rules are as follows:

the product must comply with current standards and GOSTs;
the volume of the device should not be less than two liters for passenger vehicles and five liters for trucks;
the weight of the equipped fire extinguisher should not be less than two kg for passenger cars and five kg for trucks;
accepted for use are products equipped with two types of fire extinguishing agent: powder and carbon dioxide;
the expiration date for all types of devices, as well as the date of control and technical actions for its maintenance, must be marked on the product body;
Each fire extinguisher must be marked, including all information about its technical characteristics and operational features, including instructions for use.

Control measures regarding the operability of the structure are expected to be carried out during the period of technical inspection.

Fire safety rules include the following actions in the list of control measures:

checking the presence of a seal;
the mass of the product is measured;
measuring the pressure inside the housing;
checking the integrity of the hose, sprayer and protective coating of the device;
technical condition and accuracy of pressure gauge readings;
presence of a mark on the body of the product.

All information is entered into the device passport.
If it is determined that the fire extinguisher is inoperative, it is recharged, and in case of serious violations, it is disposed of. At enterprises, the information obtained during the inspection is entered into the accounting journal. The two types of fire extinguishers approved for use and storage in a car have their own operational features, advantages and benefits. When purchasing a device, you need to remember about its importance for your safety, and not about the fact that when checking the car by traffic police officers, troubles are possible due to its absence.

Buy the device only from a good, reliable store, being confident in the functionality of the device. A powder fire extinguisher is more affordable, but a carbon dioxide one is more convenient to use and more effective. It is important to observe the expiration dates of the product, otherwise you may find yourself in an unpleasant situation - after the expiration date, the fire extinguisher quickly loses its working properties.

What are the requirements for a first aid kit?

A first aid kit has almost the same placement requirements as a fire extinguisher: a place to install it in the car. But there is no requirement for accessibility from the driver's seat. It must also not be expired.

The composition of the first aid kit, according to the new Order of the Ministry of Health No. 1080N, should be as follows:

tourniquet to stop bleeding,
sterile and non-sterile bandages of various widths,
sterile dressing bag,
gauze napkins,
adhesive plasters of various widths, including rolled ones,
artificial respiration system,
medical scissors,
medical gloves,
instructions for using all these items.

We have a special article about the required contents of a first aid kit under the new law.

What are the requirements for a warning triangle?

This attribute in 2021 is already regulated by a special GOST - R 41.27-2001 (UNECE Rules No. 27). It is very large, we will give only the main points:

the triangle must have an approval mark (quality mark) of the following type:
it must have a cover, and its edges must not be sharp,
length of each side – 50 cm (+/- 5 cm),
height from the road to the bottom edge when installed is no more than 30 cm,
The color of the reflectors is only red.

Warning triangle "correct" and undamaged

The warning triangle must comply with UNECE Regulation No. 27. There is quite a lot of information in this document. In short, a warning triangle should be an equilateral triangle with a red reflective part, inside of which there should be a red fluorescent part. Alternatively, the reflective part may be fluorescent.

The linear dimensions of the warning triangle and its elements are presented below:

In addition to compliance with the ROV, in order to pass technical inspection, the warning triangle must not have any damage that would compromise the integrity of the reflective and fluorescent surfaces, as well as prevent its installation on the supporting surface.

A warning triangle costs from 5 rubles. and higher depending on the manufacturer.

What are the requirements for a reflective vest?

The cape is also regulated by GOST under GOST number 12.4.281-2014. In particular, it provides the following basic requirements:

reflector strip width is at least 5 cm,
it can be either a vest or a jacket,
they can have 2 stripes with reflective material.

The correct vest according to GOST

You can read all the requirements in our special article on reflective vests.

Vehicle type/item	First aid kit	Fire extinguisher	Vest	AO sign	Wheel chocks
Cars, trucks up to 3.5 tons and buses up to 5 tons	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Trucks over 3.5 tons and buses over 5 tons	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Motorcycles without a trailer	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No
Motorcycles with trailer	No	No	Yes	No	No