How to get a motorcycle license in 2021? Required package of documents and procedure for passing the exam

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Published: 12/31/2018

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According to Russian laws, any driver driving on the roads must have an appropriate license. And it doesn’t matter how many wheels your vehicle has - four or just two. Relatively recently, the requirements for motorcycle and scooter drivers were more flexible. Since 2013, the situation has changed radically and even a scooter driver is required to undergo training at a motorcycle school.

• Motorcycle license: is it possible to do without them?
• At what age can you drive a motorcycle?
• What categories of motorcycle rights are allocated in 2021? Rights for a motorcycle with a sidecar
• Moped and scooter licenses

Motorcycle license: is it possible to do without them?

The law is adamant. If you are not going to sit behind the wheel of a bicycle forever, but plan to at least occasionally get behind the wheel of at least a moped, a license is required. And this is not a whim of traffic police inspectors and motorcycle schools who want to “extract” more money from you.

A qualified driver who has undergone training clearly knows how to behave in a given traffic situation. While the “disenfranchised” driver only guesses about the correctness of his behavior on the road. And it’s good if such driving only ends with a fine and confiscation of the two-wheeled horse.

Don’t even hope that the weak engine of your scooter will be a mitigating circumstance when meeting with traffic police officers. No one has canceled age restrictions either.

But owners of motocross motorcycles can breathe easy. They do not face fines or confiscation of the vehicle for driving without a license. But as long as they remain on the territory of sports tracks.

The reason for the “indulgence” is simple: a motocross motorcycle belongs to the category of sports equipment. And as long as its owner races on dirt tracks, he does not break any rules.

At what age can you drive a motorcycle?

This parameter is directly related to the type of two-wheeled vehicle that the driver plans to drive. There are motorcycles that you can drive no earlier than 18 years old. But there are categories of vehicles available for driving from the age of 16.

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You are allowed to start learning how to operate a motorcycle long before your 18th birthday. But be patient, you will be allowed to take the exams only when you reach this age.

Categories of driver's licenses for driving a motorcycle

Driver's license categories determine what type of transport a person can drive. Regarding motorcycles, there are 3 categories - M, A1, A, which differ in that they make it possible to ride vehicles with different weights, engine sizes and capacities.

Category M

Before 2013, there was no such category. It was introduced due to numerous accidents on the road caused by drivers of small light motorcycles. There was no need to pass a driving test for such a vehicle, nor to obtain a license, so the traffic police could not provide normal control over the owners.

Having a category M driver's license allows you to drive such types of transport as:

• mopeds (tricycles, scooters);
• quads;
• mokiki;
• scooters.

The main technical requirement for such light vehicles is that the engine capacity cannot exceed 50 cubic meters, the maximum speed cannot exceed 50 km/h, and the power of the electric motor (if used) is up to 4 kW. For 3-wheeled motorcycles, the wheels are allowed in any order (2 front and 1 rear, 2 rear and 1 front).

Category A

Having category A allows you to ride motorcycles. The following technical requirements are put forward for them:

• engine capacity up to 125 cubic meters;
• vehicle weight in running order is up to 400 kg (with three or four wheels).

It is allowed to attach an additional part - a stroller. In accordance with the Russian Federation Traffic Regulations, motorcycles also include 2-wheeled vehicles with a side trailer.

Having category A, you can even ride motorized wheelchairs. But now this type of transport is used quite rarely.

Category A1

A category that is most common among students and teenagers. Allows you to ride light motorcycles (usually scooters or vehicles that are light in weight). Transport requirements are:

• engine capacity from 50 to 125 cubic meters;
• maximum power – up to 11 kW.

Those who already have category A can drive a vehicle of category A1. They do not need to undergo additional training or pass an exam.

What categories of motorcycle licenses are there in 2018?

The motor market is ready to offer a huge selection of motorcycles. How not to get confused in this diversity and understand which category is needed to control a particular two-wheeled horse? The classification decided everything.

Since motorcycles are different, it was decided to distinguish three categories: “M”, “A”, “A1”. Each of them makes it possible to control motorcycles with different weights and engine sizes.

If the future driver has already crossed the 18-year mark, it makes sense to study for category “A”. In this case, “M” and “A1” will be given to him as bonuses. The significant date is far away, but you really want to drive, choose “M” or “A1” - depending on your vehicle.

License for a motorcycle with a sidecar

Are you planning to buy a motorcycle with a sidecar? Hurry up to get your category “A” license. For your own safety, do not be lazy to take a couple of lessons on riding such a motorcycle.

This type of transport is fundamentally different from its two-wheeled counterpart. Because of the stroller on one side, it takes up much more space on the road. And this requires a special habit.

Moped and scooter licenses

The emergence of the “M” category has made life easier for owners of scooters and mopeds. Having reached 16 years of age, complete training at a motorcycle school and freely ride lightweight vehicles.

If the driver has been trained for category “A”, then “M” is entered automatically. What gives you the right to drive a light scooter.

What does a category “A” motorcycle license allow?

Category "A" is considered the highest motorcycle category. When it is opened, the subcategories “M” and “A1” are automatically added to the driver’s license.

• Category “A” - motorcycles with an engine capacity of over 125 cm3 and a power of more than 11 kW. This includes motorcycles with and without trailers. Having received o in his license, the driver can safely drive any motorcycle.
• Subcategory “A1” allows you to drive motorcycles with an engine capacity of up to 125 cm3 and a power of up to 11 kW.
• Subcategory “M” means driving mopeds and scooters with an engine capacity of up to 50 cm3 and a speed of up to 50 km/h.

Driver requirements

• The future driver must be healthy; the appropriate certificate is obtained before the start of the training course. It would be a shame to take a course at a motorcycle school and find yourself unfit for health.

When undergoing a medical examination, warn the medical commission about your desire to open the “M” category. If you do not do this, the category will not appear in your rights. You will not be able to drive a moped.

• Reaching a certain age – each category has age parameters;
• Completion of training at a motorcycle school corresponding to the required category.

Obtaining rights: specifics

To obtain a motorcycle license, you do not have to take the traditional city exam for obtaining any other license. In the case of a motorcycle, traffic police inspectors are limited to checking theoretical knowledge of traffic rules. Testing of practical skills takes place in special training grounds and sites.

Until the newly minted motorcyclist passes the theoretical course, he will not be allowed to take practical tests. In case of failure, retaking the theory is allowed after 2 weeks.

Some schools refuse to enroll in motorcycle riding courses in the winter. This is due to the complexity of road conditions. It is difficult to teach an inexperienced driver all the subtleties of driving on slippery roads.

Documents of the future driver

Until the applicant submits a full package of documents, he simply will not be allowed to study.

• Copy of the passport.
• Certificate with a conclusion from the medical board.
• 2 photos 3x4.
• Statement.
• A document confirming the fact of successful training in a motorcycle school.
• Payment for payment of state duty.
• Consent from parents - if the future motorcyclist is under 18 years of age.

Procedure for obtaining a driver's license

This procedure also has its own course of events.

• Checking the authenticity of each piece of paper - rest assured, the chance with false documents will definitely not work here;
• The applicant for a license receives access to testing;
• The first stage of exams is theory;
• The second stage is practice at a special training ground;
• Obtaining a driver's license.

Passing exams: step by step

The exam is divided into two independent blocks: theoretical and practical. The first involves testing the theoretical framework and rules. The second is aimed at identifying practical skills and abilities.

The theoretical part is taken entirely computer-based. During the test for knowledge of traffic rules, the test taker answers 20 questions. Ideally, the number of errors is zero.

20 minutes of time are allotted for the test - one minute per question. If one mistake is made, another 5 minutes are added to the time. During these minutes you need to answer an additional 5 questions from the block where the mistake was made.

If you make mistakes on 2 questions, 10 minutes and 10 questions are added to the time. If you miss 3 questions, the examinee is sent to retake.

The practical side of the exam takes place in the fresh air - at the training ground. Here everything is like at school, for a mistake - a minus to the final mark. It is enough to score 4 penalty points to be considered for a retake.

Minus 1 point for:

• a warning signal not given by hand about planned braking;
• late braking before the stop line;
• low beam lights not turned on.

Minus 3 points for:

• stalled engine at the beginning of the exam;
• untimely switching from upshift to downshift, and vice versa;
• ignoring neutral gear when the motorcycle stops for a long time;
• untimely warning of turns.

Minus 5 points for:

• arrival and crossing of the stop line;
• touching the ground with your foot;
• hitting a barrier sign;
• ignoring the left turn signal;
• significant shortfall to the stop line.

Upon successful completion of all tests, the student moves to the “driver” category. Now all that remains is to obtain the long-awaited license of the appropriate category.

The validity period for a motorcycle license is the same as for a car license – 10 years.

Obtaining rights

After successfully passing all exams, the driver receives a category A license for a motorcycle. At this point, the state fee must be paid. In 2021, its size is 2,000 rubles.

This amount includes:

• payment for the work of traffic police officers;
• the certificate itself in the form of a plastic card (exams, including repeated ones, are held free of charge).

When receiving new categories (or due to replacement or loss), each time the citizen is issued a new card, which means that each time you will have to pay 2,000 rubles to receive it. A paper-based driver's license is gradually disappearing from circulation, although it is still possible to obtain one.

Payment of the fee is carried out in several ways: at the bank’s cash desk, through bank terminals. You can get the details and even generate a ready-made payment document on the official website of the traffic police. If you submit an application on the State Services service, you can pay the state fee at a discount (only by bank transfer).

Driving with an expired license (as well as without licenses or open categories) is punishable by a fine of 5 to 15 thousand rubles and evacuation of the vehicle, so you should not save on paying the fee.

When can you do without special training?

You can get out of compulsory training at a motorcycle school. But if the future driver does not plan to drive a vehicle over 50 cubic meters. The existing rights with any category will suffice.

If the driver has not managed to acquire a driver’s license, then training at a motorcycle school will not be possible. You just need to decide on the resulting category.

Don’t like to overpay, but want to have the “M” category in your arsenal? Save, “open” category “A” and higher, and “M” will be provided to you as a bonus. You will not need to take any additional exams.

How to get a motorcycle license if you have category “B”?

Open category “B” does not give its owner the right to drive a motorcycle over 50cc. You'll have to sit down at your desk again and go through the DD rules again. Only after successfully passing the oral part of the exam will the driver be allowed to take the practical test.

Some people will be outraged by this approach - why learn the rules, all this has been covered. It's not about the traffic rules themselves, but about the specifics of driving a motorcycle. Driving a car is very different from riding a two-wheeler.

However, if you feel strong enough, you don’t have to attend a motorcycle school. Practice your motorcycle riding skills on your own. But where is the guarantee that you are performing all the elements correctly?

Still, it’s worth playing it safe and taking a lesson or two from an experienced driver-instructor. He will clearly explain the requirements for the exams.

Traffic police exam - theoretical part

The most important stage is the traffic police exam. You can take it in at any branch in Russia, regardless of your registration and place of residence. The only caveat is that not everywhere there is a fleet of vehicles for these purposes.

To get admission to the exam, you need to collect the documents again:

• passport (or other identification, for example, a military ID or military personnel ID);
• certificate of passing a medical examination for category A driving license;
• a certificate from a driving school stating that the training course has been completed;
• application (the form can be obtained from the traffic police department or you can find and download it yourself on the website);
• receipt of payment of state duty (2,000 rubles).

The traffic police exam consists of two stages - theoretical knowledge and practical driving.

The first part is theoretical, it looks like this:

1. The examinee sits down at the computer. An individual task for him comes from the Ministry of Internal Affairs server.
2. The general database consists of 800 questions, the program randomly selects 20 among them. Of the 4 proposed answer options for each task, the examinee selects one. The questions relate not only to traffic rules, but also to the entire theory that was taught in driving school - rules for operating a motorcycle, first aid, equipment, factors of accidents, etc.
3. The future driver has the right to only 2 mistakes. If there are more, the exam will be repeated in a week. You can retake it a third time in a month. A total of three attempts are given. If all of them are unsuccessful, the training course will have to be repeated.

There is enough time to study the theory. The driver does not have to memorize the textbook. If you carefully read the material several times and delve into each point, this part of the exam will not cause any difficulties.

After successfully passing the theory, practice will follow. It is not necessary to take the driving test on the same day - a citizen is given a whole 3 months to do this.

Price issue

Everything here is individual. There are several factors that significantly influence the final tuition amount.

• Region – studying in a large city will cost an order of magnitude more than in a small provincial town.
• Educational institution - the more regalia a school has, the more expensive the services of its teachers.
• Medical institution where the certificate was received.

The only “fixed” figure is the state fee for obtaining a license. It is the same for all regions and does not depend on the skill of teachers.