Can the traffic police check the play of the steering wheel, brakes, and engine?

Steering Regulations

Requirements for steering control elements of vehicles are regulated by UNECE Rules No. 79.
This document contains mainly design requirements for these elements. The basic operational requirements, according to which the technical condition of the steering is checked, are set out in STB 1641-2006. The total play in the steering is the angle of rotation of the steering wheel from the position corresponding to the beginning of the steering wheels turning in one direction to the position corresponding to the beginning of their turning in the opposite direction.

The total play in the steering under regulated test conditions should not exceed the limit values established by the manufacturer in the operational documentation, and in the absence of such data should not exceed:

10° for passenger cars and truck and bus units based on them
20° for buses
25° for trucks

The start of steering wheel rotation is the angle of rotation of the steering wheel by (0.06 ± 0.01)°, measured from the straight-line position.

When checking the total play, the following preconditions must be met:

The steering wheel tires must be clean and dry
the steered wheels must be in a neutral position on a dry, level, horizontal asphalt or cement concrete surface
tests on vehicles equipped with power steering are carried out with the engine running

The value of the total play in the steering is determined by the angle of rotation of the steering wheel between two fixed positions of the beginning of rotation of the steered wheels as a result of two or more measurements.

The tension of the power steering pump drive belt and the level of working fluid in the reservoir must meet the requirements established by the vehicle manufacturer in the operating documentation.

During the organoleptic inspection of the steering system, compliance with the following regulatory requirements is checked:

The steering wheel must rotate without jerking or jamming throughout the entire range of its rotation angle; inoperability of the power steering (if equipped on the vehicle) is not allowed
spontaneous rotation of the steering wheel from the neutral position when the vehicle is stationary with power steering and the engine is running is not allowed
The maximum rotation of the steering wheel must be limited only by devices provided for by the design of the vehicle
movements of steering parts and assemblies not provided for by the design relative to each other or the supporting surface are not allowed; threaded connections must be tightened and secured in the manner specified by the vehicle manufacturer
The use of parts with traces of residual deformation, cracks and other defects in the steering mechanism and steering drive is not allowed

Damage and absence of fastening parts of the steering column and steering gear housing, as well as increases in the mobility of steering gear parts relative to each other or the body (frame) not provided for by the vehicle manufacturer in the operational documentation are not allowed.

Mobility of the steering column in planes passing through its axis is not allowed. The steering column must be securely connected to the mating parts and not be damaged. The steering column locking device with adjustable steering wheel position, as well as the device preventing unauthorized use of the vehicle, must be in working order.

Axial movement and swing of the steering wheel plane, swing of the steering column are determined by applying alternating forces to the steering wheel in the direction of the axis of the steering shaft and in the plane of the steering wheel perpendicular to the column, as well as alternating moments of forces in two mutually perpendicular planes passing through the axis of the steering column.

The mutual movements of the steering drive parts, the fastening of the steering gear housing and the steering axle levers are determined by turning the steering wheel relative to the neutral position by 40...60° in each direction, as well as by applying an alternating force directly to the steering drive parts.

How will traffic police officers check for a malfunction?

Inspections of a passenger car, tractor or other vehicle not intended for the carriage of passengers on a commercial basis may be carried out in the following places:

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Moscow ext 152
St. Petersburg ext 152
All regions ext 132 (Toll free)

At stationary posts
At control posts
At checkpoints

In other cases, traffic police officers do not have the right to inspect vehicles. As for buses, trolleybuses, minibuses and regular transport, inspection can be carried out:

On the territory of the bus station
At the final station
At the passenger stop

While passenger transport is moving, traffic police officers cannot stop the vehicle to check for a malfunction. The exception is the case when the vehicle does not have registration plates.

Causes and ways to eliminate play in the steering

Is there any play in the steering wheel? Let's figure out what to do

Backlash is free movement in any device of a mechanical structure. It is measured as an indicator of the movement of any controlled node. In the case of a steering system, auto play means the amplitude of rotation of the steering wheel before changing the direction of movement, but the presence of such a feature implies a high probability of serious malfunctions. A special rod in the steering system creates a certain gap due to an insufficiently tight fit to other elements of the mechanism in order to minimize wear of parts. The permissible maximum gap of such a gap should not exceed 10 degrees, and a large value means the need to stop operating the vehicle and eliminate the malfunction.

Causes of backlash

Gradually, during the operation of the car, the surfaces of the mechanism parts wear out, and the gaps become larger. As a result, when the car moves, vibrations and unnatural noises appear, the wheels lose their former stability and become loose. The gap initially forms at the point where the worm and roller engage, and then the steering shaft and worm simultaneously move along the axis. When you pick up speed, the car becomes poorly controlled and the risk of getting into an accident increases.

The main reason for the formation of play can be considered the poor quality of roads, when the suspension is forced to take on a large load. Part of this load falls on the elements of the steering system. The situation can be significantly aggravated when low-quality rubber is used, since this helps to reduce the service life of the suspension and steering linkage.
A loose nut is another possible cause of play. This can be eliminated by tightening the screw in the steering wheel cover. To do this, you must first remove the fastening casing, and after that all that remains is to tighten the nut using a wrench of the required diameter. In modern car models, airbags are mounted in the steering wheel trim, so you must first dismantle this unit to gain access to the nut. This work must be carried out with the battery terminals disconnected to ensure safety. It is important to understand that if the nuts are not tightened in a timely manner, the splines in the place where the steering wheel is fixed begin to actively wear out, which leads to the steering wheel turning and a complete loss of vehicle controllability.
Wear of rod ends is a cause that carries great danger. These elements are constantly exposed to dirt, so they become faulty quite quickly. The result of such a destructive effect is the formation of gaps in the ball joint of the tips, and if they are completely malfunctioning, it is simply impossible to control the machine. Fixing such a breakdown requires contacting a service to completely replace the elements.

In addition, some reasons for the formation of backlash relate to the design features of the steering system. These reasons include:

Malfunctions of the ball joint and wheel bearings;
Loosening the steering wheel fixing nut and adjusting rods;
Failure of hinges, splines;
Gear malfunctions;
Low quality hydraulic oil.

Diagnostics

Steering system play is especially noticeable when driving straight at high speed. A malfunction may be indicated by a knocking sound when turning sharply enough, and a gradually increasing knocking sound when driving on uneven terrain is a sign of a faulty condition of the steering ends and rods. Failure of the steering bar is confirmed by the recoil of the steering wheel. If the steering wheel “beats” while moving, we can talk about broken steering or ball ends, malfunctions of the crosspiece, bearing or bushing. Unusual noises when turning the steering wheel should be a reason to check that the fluid level is sufficient. When the steering wheel is positioned straight and the driving direction changes, you should check the camber - the toe-in of the wheels, the balance of which is disturbed. Jerky turning of the steering wheel may be due to jamming of the steering bar, and large efforts when turning it require checking the functionality of the amplifier. To identify problems with the steering, you should perform a number of simple steps:

Start the engine and ensure it runs at idle speed;
Check the performance of the hydraulic booster;
Install the front wheels of the car parallel to the longitudinal axis of the car;
When turning the steering wheel in different directions, determine the moment when the wheels begin to move. Backlash in this situation is the period of steering wheel travel before the wheels begin to move.

Steering faults

Steering device for VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars

During operation, under the influence of shock loads, friction and other factors, the technical condition of the steering elements changes: backlashes appear in the joints, which contribute to an increase in the wear rate of parts. Wear or improper tightening and adjustment will cause increased friction in the steering. All this affects not only the durability of parts, but also the car’s handling and traffic safety. The main steering problems are as follows.

Increased idle speed. Main reasons:

loosening the steering mechanism bolts, steering rod ball pin nuts;
increased clearances in ball joints, front wheel hub bearings, in the engagement of the roller with the worm, between the axis of the pendulum arm and the bushings, in the worm bearings, between the rack stop and the nut;
play in the rivet joint.

Stiff rotation of the steering wheel. Main reasons:

deformation of steering gear parts;
incorrect alignment of the front wheel angles;
violation of the gap in the engagement of the roller with the worm;
tightening the adjusting nut of the pendulum arm axis (for steering mechanisms of only the worm type);
low pressure in the front tires;
lack of oil in the steering gear housing;
Damage to ball joint parts, strut upper bearing, support bushing or rack stop, and telescopic suspension strut parts.

Noise (knocking) in the steering. Main reasons:

increasing the gaps in the front wheel bearings, between the axis of the pendulum arm and the bushings, in the engagement of the roller with the worm or in the worm bearings (for steering mechanisms of the worm type only), in the ball joints of the steering rods, between the rack stop and the nut (for steering mechanisms of the rack and pinion type only );
loosening the nut of the ball pins of the steering rods, the bolts securing the steering mechanism or the bolt securing the lower flange of the elastic coupling on the gear shaft (for rack-and-pinion mechanisms only);
loosening the adjusting nut of the pendulum arm axis.

Self-excited angular oscillation of the front wheels. Main reasons:

loosening the tie rod ball pin nuts, steering gear mounting bolts or swing arm bracket;
violation of the gap in the engagement of the roller with the worm.

Poor vehicle stability. Main reasons:

violation of the alignment of the front wheel angles;
increased clearances in the front wheel bearings, in the ball joints of the steering rods, loosening the nuts of the ball pins of the steering rods, increased clearance in the engagement of the roller and worm (for steering mechanisms of only the worm type);
fastening the steering gear housing or the pendulum arm bracket;
deformation of the steering knuckles or suspension arms.

Oil leak from crankcase. Main reasons:

wear of the steering bipod or worm shaft seals (for steering mechanisms of only the worm type);
loosening the steering gear housing cover bolts;
damage to sealing gaskets.

Malfunctions of power steering are identical in nature to malfunctions of conventional steering, however, due to the presence of additional parts, malfunctions are possible that characterize the performance of the hydraulic drive:

Difficulty driving the car due to a loose power steering belt, low level of working fluid in the power steering reservoir, or a malfunction of the pump or pump valve;
excessive play due to wear of the main or intermediate shaft of the steering column, misalignment or damage to the steering mechanism;
increased noise during steering operation, which may be caused by misalignment of the steering mechanism or pump malfunction.

How to eliminate play in the steering

Often the driver is faced with such a malfunction as steering play. This problem can lead to serious problems, so it is important to detect and fix the problem in time.

The steering is one of the most important for driving, and failure in the form of play is not one of the pleasant situations. Often the reason for the appearance can be various reasons, such as poor running gear, wear and tear of parts, and, most often, the condition of our roads. Therefore, we will consider how to identify play in the steering and how to carry out repairs.

The concept and causes of play in the steering mechanism

The steering design itself is not complicated. It contains a special rod that does not fit tightly to the car parts. It must have a small gap so that the parts do not wear out in case of friction. However, if the total play reaches fairly large levels, this can cause serious malfunctions, which can lead to accidents on the road. A backlash of 10° is considered an acceptable norm.

It is important to remember that a small play can develop into a large one, and therefore you should carefully consider this issue if there are clear signs of problems with the steering. These signs may include knocking, squeaking, vibration, or the need to turn the steering wheel hard to the left or right, even on a flat road. In this case, the steering wheel stops “obeying” the driver or performs actions somewhat late.

There are several reasons for the appearance of play and they all lie in the steering design itself. One of the first reasons may be that the tip or bearing has failed due to wear.

The second reason may be a recent car repair, namely the fact that sometimes the central hub nut is not sufficiently secured. This is where the backlash comes from. Also, free movement of the steering wheel may indicate that the hydraulic oil is becoming unusable and needs to be replaced.

In general, in order to discover the true cause of technical problems, the driver must check every detail of the entire steering system, since all parts and mechanisms are interconnected.

What is steering play, its causes and elimination

Backlash is free movement at the connection of two or more car parts. Allowable backlash is the maximum displacement value that is not critical for the controlled element.

This phenomenon can occur in:

steering;
transmission cardan shafts;
chassis elements;
suspension units.

Let's look at the reasons for free play in the steering column. Then - how to eliminate it.

How to determine the appearance of play in the steering

In order to check the car for problems with the steering, namely the presence of play, the following operations must be performed. First of all, it is necessary to switch the engine to a special operating mode when the vehicle is stationary - idle. After this, you should start turning the steering wheel and monitor the response time of the wheels to these commands. It is this distance that shows the amount of play.

Today, for the convenience and accuracy of measuring backlash, there is a special device - a backlash meter. It helps to measure and control the total backlash.

Eliminating play in the steering

First of all, the check should begin with the universal joint and its screws. Turn the adjusting screw to the required value. Afterwards, check again for the presence and amount of play. If the results are unsatisfactory, do the work again.

If this does not help, then the cause of the breakdown lies elsewhere. The next step is to drive the car into the inspection hole. The problem of play may lie in the steering rod joints. Most likely, these parts are worn out and there is a need to replace them or firmly fix them. You should also check the fastening of the steering rods and tighten them if necessary.

However, if this does not eliminate the cause, then most likely you will have to disassemble the entire steering system. It is better to do this at a car service center, as there is a risk of damaging the system.

What is meant by total steering wheel play?

Another term that requires consideration is “total backlash.” It refers to the total angle, which starts from the extreme position of the steering wheel on one side when turning begins, to the opposite position when the car starts moving in the other direction.

To understand the principles of operation of the total backlash, it is important to understand the design and operating features of the control system. Based on the technical component, the operating principle of the backlash is as follows.

There is a rod in the transmission of steering rods, which is fixed with a small gap of one or two millimeters.

This distance is necessary to protect the steering system linkages from wear due to excessive friction.

The presence of a gap is a technological solution that allows you to keep the hook in the required position and not touch the surface of the teeth.

For the driver, this parameter represents free movement of the steering wheel, which allows for more precise control of the car and to feel at what moment the direction of movement of the vehicle changes.

Essentially, this is the total distance the steering wheel travels before the car moves to the left or right.

Many people mistakenly consider this phenomenon negative and try to get rid of it. You shouldn’t do this, because play in the steering is the norm for every car. Another thing is that it must have a strictly defined value.

An interesting pattern can be traced here - the larger the car’s dimensions, the higher the backlash indicator.

In the process of measuring the total backlash, a number of conditions must be met:

The front wheels are located in a neutral position and stand on a hard (asphalt or concrete) surface.
The steering wheel tires are dry and clean.
The car engine is started. This is relevant if the operation of the power steering is tested.
The tension of the power steering pump drive belt, as well as the level of the working fluid, must meet the requirements approved by the manufacturer.

The total play is checked by measuring the angle of rotation of the control wheel between the fixed positions for changing movement to the left and right.

To obtain accurate parameters, measurements are made two or more times.

What is total backlash

Backlash is the free play of the steering wheel, its boundaries are the moment when the car’s wheels begin to turn in one direction or another. In practice, you can understand this definition by standing in front of one of the front wheels of the vehicle, while an assistant in the cabin turns the steering wheel left and right.

At this moment, you can see that a slight deflection of the steering wheel does not move the wheels. This phenomenon may be a variant of the norm, since during the free movement of the steering wheel, gaps are selected in the control mechanism and the amplitude of movement is transmitted to the steering rods. As a result of this “delay,” the gear units wear out less and excessive friction is eliminated.

Another term that requires clarification is total backlash. It refers to the gap between one extreme position of the steering wheel, at which the wheels begin to move in one direction, and the other, from the opposite edge. In simple words, this is the gap in the amplitude of the steering wheel movement until the moment the car changes its direction of movement.

When this parameter is exceeded above the established limits, the vehicle begins to “wobble” along the roadway. In this case, the amplitude of movement in the transverse direction increases and this can lead to an emergency situation. The higher the speed, the more noticeable the wobble effect.

As a result, the driver has to constantly be distracted by this malfunction and lose concentration; the extreme option is a complete loss of control of the car at high speed.

Permissible backlash in cars

The traffic regulations stipulate normalized indicators of total play for various cars. In addition, this parameter should not exceed the figures specified in the documentation for the operation of the machine.

If there are no special recommendations in the manufacturer’s papers, the backlash should be as follows:

For passenger cars, as well as bus and truck components made on their basis - 10;
For buses - 20;
For trucks - 25.

There are also separate recommendations for some models:

For VAZ-2106, 2107, 2110, 21213 - 5;
For Gazelle 3302 - 20 (passenger version) and 25 (truck).

Reasons for large backlash

The increase in play can be explained by changes in the design features of the steering, as well as the destruction of their elements.

The main reasons include:

Worn gear bar and steering rack gear teeth.
Damage or deformation of the wheel bearing. There are cases when it falls apart during operation, which leads to an increase in backlash (but there will be no time for backlash).
Malfunction of tips and tie rods, which often break if operating requirements are not followed. The result is the same as in the previous case - “looseness” of the steering wheel.
Poor quality repair of the vehicle chassis. There are situations when steering play manifests itself after visiting a service station. This is possible when service technicians do not tighten the wheel bearing nut sufficiently. As a result, the car's steering system suffers.
Breakage of the ball joint (lower or upper), as well as pulling the steering rack with excessive force.
Outdated hydraulic oil that requires replacement. Often play in the steering is eliminated after filling with new working fluid.

Generally speaking, play occurs when there is a fault in the chain between the steering wheel and the wheels.

To find out the reason, you need to go through the entire chain and identify the “weak” points. The main thing is to make sure that we are talking about increased free play, and not about other problems.

Other causes of play in the steering include:

Wear or incorrect adjustment of the engagement of the “worm” and the roller mechanism.
Worn swing arm axle or bushings.
Loose crankcase fasteners.

What does it take for someone other than the owner to pick up a car from the impound lot?

During the movement of a vehicle, very often there is a need to adjust the direction of movement: for example, when turning and turning, changing lanes, overtaking, ahead, detour, etc. The steering system provides the vehicle with these maneuvers. During the operation of the car, its components and assemblies become unusable.

Steering malfunctions are one of the most pressing issues of the technical condition of transport.

Wheels and tires 5.1 Tires of passenger cars have a residual tread height of less than 1.6 mm, trucks - 1 mm, buses - 2 mm, motorcycles and mopeds - 0.8 mm. Note For trailers, standards for the residual tread height of tires are established, similar standards for tires of vehicles - tractors.5.

2 The tires have external damage (punctures, cuts, breaks), exposing the cord, as well as delamination of the carcass, peeling of the tread and sidewall. 5.3 There is no fastening bolt (nut) or there are cracks in the disk and wheel rims, there are visible violations of the shape and size of the mounting holes. 5.4 Tires do not match the vehicle model in size or load capacity.5.

In order to identify the cause, you need to go through each link, carefully check the details and identify where and what was not tightened - since it is precisely this element that is stopping the work of the control. But in order not to confuse the backlash with any other faults, you need to study its practical symptoms.

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Any deviations from the norm are considered malfunctions.

4.2.3 The total play in the steering should not exceed the limit values established by the manufacturer in the operational documentation, or in the absence of data established by the manufacturer, the following limit values: - passenger cars and trucks and buses created on the basis of their units 10° I assume that the limit value set by the manufacturer must be less than or equal to 10°.

For example, if the driver is not so far from home, then you can try calling friends or relatives and asking them to bring documents.

The importance of the steering system of a car is not worth mentioning once again, since it is already clear to everyone that it plays a key role in driving safety. That is why you should not neglect regular inspection and repair of all parts of this system, because frequent use leads to wear and tear of even the most reliable components and assemblies.

The most common symptom of a malfunction is a phenomenon called wheel play.

Such malfunctions include breakdowns in which, even when driving to a car repair shop, the car can pose a serious danger to the driver himself and all other road users.

Heavily damaged cars are taken away for repairs on a tow truck or tow truck. Malfunctions in which the operation of the car is prohibited, except for driving to a repair shop. Such problems with the car include mechanical malfunctions. Minor breakdowns in which the operation of the vehicle is possible - a non-working shock absorber, window lifter, etc.

In other words, faults that do not have a serious impact on the operation of the vehicle are considered minor.

From a technical point of view, it can be described something like this: in the transmission of steering rods there is a rod that is not fixed tightly, with a gap of 1-2 millimeters. If it were not for this distance, then all the parts involved would wear out much faster, as a result of strong friction.

Signs of breakdown

As noted above, in order to effectively eliminate a malfunction, it must be diagnosed in a timely manner. To do this, it is enough to know the signs of play in the steering.

The main symptoms include:

The appearance of a knock in the steering mechanism;
Increased vibrations while driving;
Creaking when turning wheels;
Deviation from a given trajectory when the steering wheel is in a straight position.

When adjusting the steering play, you should take into account the manufacturer’s recommendations and traffic rules.

The configured parameter should not exceed the upper limit, but you should not underestimate the indicator either.

Too little steering wheel play can lead to additional discomfort and poor vehicle controllability.

At the same time, you should not ignore the appearance of a small backlash, because over time this parameter may increase, and then it will be more difficult to deal with the problem.

And it’s inconvenient to drive a car when you constantly have to “catch the road” and turn the steering wheel in one direction or the other.

Diagnosis of the problem and instruments used

To determine whether the parameter corresponds to the norm, you need to do a small check.

To make sure there is a problem, you can use a special device - a backlash meter.

With its help you can check the total (total) play in the system.

One of the device options is K 524 M or ISL-M, which can be used by ordinary car owners and professionals at service stations.

Using a backlash meter, it is possible to determine the amount of free play in just three minutes, including taking into account installation and removal of the device.

The algorithm for diagnosing steering play is as follows:

Start the engine (it should be idling);
Place the front wheels parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine. At the same time, make sure that the hydraulic booster is working;
Turn the steering wheel one way and then the other. At this moment, record the moments when the front wheels begin to scroll in the required direction. The distance that the steering wheel travels between these intervals is called play (free play).

This check is considered an excellent option for drivers who need accurate and quick information.

It does not matter how the problem was diagnosed. If the steering play exceeds the norm, it must be eliminated.

For what violations is a car detained and taken to the impound lot?

On the way I took off the film.
We returned to the old post: there were 4 patrol cars there that day, another inspector came up with a device. to measure the film, but it was no longer on the windows, in the end the captain talked to the inspector, who then came up to me and said the following: - ( I have a low car, there are short-stroke struts, the oil ones work, the car is soft). I lost a lot of time, we arrived at the station in Oblast Gai, we thought that the springs were being checked, we were surprised, and in the end we decided to check the total play of the steering wheel; I was not provided with any certificates.

In some cases, drivers are faced with a problem when the steering wheel stops listening to them. Or rather, it requires additional effort to turn it in the desired direction.

Some of the malfunctions are determined by problems in the functioning of the hydraulic, electric or pneumatic power steering associated with wear of the components of this subsystem (loss of the tightness of the mechanism, destruction of pump or compressor parts, etc.). Elimination of these problems usually involves replacing worn and damaged parts. Therefore, it is advisable to carry out repairs with the involvement of highly specialized car service professionals.

Malfunctions: legal aspect Unstable operation of the control system, according to experts, is a serious factor destabilizing road traffic.

Tell me, are the employees’ actions legal?

The total play in the steering exceeds the following values: Passenger cars and trucks and buses based on them no more than 10 degrees Buses 20 Trucks 25 2.2. If you stand near one of the front wheels of your car and ask someone to turn the steering wheel back and forth at a small angle, you will be “horrified” to see that the wheel is standing still!

Don't be alarmed, this is normal.

The total play in the steering exceeds the following values (no more than degrees):

Buses: 20
Trucks: 25
Passenger cars and trucks and buses based on them: 10

There are movements of parts and assemblies not provided for by the design. Threaded connections are not tightened or secured in the correct manner. The steering column position locking device is inoperative.

New traffic police database 2011 2.3. The “steering wheel free play” indicator measures the free play from the center position in one direction until the steering wheels begin to turn.

Thus, the “total steering play” indicator in this case will be equal to 20 degrees.

In later instructions, the total steering play is indicated with clarification of the measurement methodology, i.e.

Trucks: 25
Buses: 20
Passenger cars and trucks and buses based on them: 10

2.2. There are movements of parts and assemblies not provided for by the design. Threaded connections are not tightened or secured in the correct manner.

The steering column position locking device is inoperative. New traffic police database 2011 2.3.

As a rule, this can happen due to: - low level of working fluid in the power steering system (bring it to the optimal value); - loose or worn steering pump drive belt (needs to be tightened/replaced); - insufficient pressure in pump booster; - leaks in the power steering system (check the steering rack and replace the rack, if necessary).

The pressure gauge of the pneumatic or pneumohydraulic brake drives does not work. The parking brake system does not ensure a stationary state:

vehicles with a full load - on a slope of up to 16 percent inclusive;
passenger cars and buses in running order - on a slope of up to 23 percent inclusive;
trucks and road trains in equipped condition - on a slope of up to 31 percent inclusive.

The total play in the steering exceeds the following values: Vehicle Passenger cars and trucks and buses created on their basis Trucks where, Play - Total play no more than (degrees). There are movements of parts and assemblies not provided for by the design.

Threaded connections are not tightened or secured in the correct manner.

— the presence of malfunctions and conditions provided for by the Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation and the Basic Provisions for the admission of vehicles to operation and the duties of officials to ensure road safety * (34), under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited.

According to the Coap, there is liability only when driving a vehicle with a known faulty brake system (with the exception of the parking brake), steering or coupling device (as part of a train) - 300-500 rubles (st. 12.5 h, 3). How will they prove that the driver left with a obviously faulty system?

There are no other responsibilities for the brake and steering systems according to the Coap. there are other parts, toner, absence of the letter Ш and other malfunctions according to the main provisions for vehicle approval st12.5 part 1-100 rubles, lighting devices such as xenon deprivation six months to a year 12.5 part 3

LIST OF FAULTS AND CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH OPERATION OF VEHICLES IS PROHIBITED (as amended.

Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 02/21/2002 N 127, dated 12/14/2005 N 767, dated 02/28/2006 N 109, dated 02/16/2008 N 84, dated 02/24/2010 N 87, dated 05/10/2010 N 316, dated 12/11/2 012 N 1156) 2.1. The total play in the steering exceeds the following values: Passenger cars and trucks and buses based on them no more than 10 degrees Buses 20 Trucks 25 2.2.

We invite you to read: Fine for not having a child seat in 2020

LIST OF FAULTS AND CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH OPERATION OF VEHICLES IS PROHIBITED (as amended.

Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 02/21/2002 N 127, dated 12/14/2005 N 767, dated 02/28/2006 N 109, dated 02/16/2008 N 84, dated 02/24/2010 N 87, dated 05/10/2010 N 316, dated 12/11/2 012 N 1156) 2.1. The total play in the steering exceeds the following values: Passenger cars and trucks and buses based on them no more than 10 degrees Buses 20 Trucks 25 2.2.

We began to delve deeper into the problem, because we want to work and earn money. We purchased a certified play meter, which is used on inspection lines, and saw that out of a dozen carefully prepared cars where, in our opinion, all the play was removed, only one met GOST standards. This machine has a ZF type hydraulic unit and it gave a backlash of 9 degrees. Gury Sterlitamak and Borisov give 12-16 degrees, and under load.

In the hands of the removed gearbox, the backlash is set to zero, even with a slight wedge in the middle. We tried tightening and loosening the ends and kingpin, the panhard rod was ideal, there was virtually no play in the steering cardan, inflating and deflating the tires, soft and hard surfaces under the wheels, well, what else? Hands dropped.

Reasons for car detention

Parking in the wrong place;
Lack of rights to drive a car;
Transportation of dangerous goods without permits and the use of a special sign.
There is a malfunction in the steering or brake system;

First of all, you need to find out where the car was taken.

To obtain this information, you should contact your local traffic police department. You must have identification documents with you, as well as papers for the car.

They need to be shown to the inspector on duty and the problem voiced. The traffic police officer will issue a receipt for payment of the fine.

Many car drivers have encountered an unpleasant situation when a car left unattended is forcibly towed and taken to an impound lot.

How to quickly return your vehicle, how to pick up a car from an impound lot without the owner or without a power of attorney, without spending extra nervous energy and significant financial resources on this difficult task? All cases for sending a car to impound lots are prescribed by law. It is enough for the owner of the car not to commit violations in order not to worry about the well-being of his vehicle: Is it possible to pick up a car from an impound lot without the owner

The owner does not always drive the car.

For some traffic offenses, the administrative code provides for such a penalty as evacuation of the vehicle to a impound lot until the reason for the detention is completely eliminated.

In this article you can find answers to questions such as for which offenses a car can be towed in 2021 and what to do if a vehicle is detained in the presence of the car owner or driver.

Checking the Steering and Suspension Grasp the wheel at the top (12 o'clock position) and bottom (6 o'clock position) and try to rock it.

But a tow truck, by the way, may appear not only under signs. They can detain the car and send the poor driver to the impound lot in the cases that we will describe in this article. Lack of necessary documents Detention will be made when driving a car whose driver does not have the appropriate documents for the right to drive, as well as documents of the technical condition of the car or documents that can confirm the right to own the vehicle or the right to dispose of it in the absence of the owner of the car, driving instructors say .

This measure (detention of a vehicle) can be applied by a traffic police inspector in a number of cases, which are regulated by the current Code of Administrative Offenses: If a traffic police inspector detects any of the above points, he has the right to call a tow truck and transport the stopped vehicle to an impound lot.

In order to prevent the car from being detained and sent to the impound lot, the driver must take the following actions: Based on the above points, we can draw the following conclusion that it is difficult, but possible, to avoid evacuation and the subsequent “headache”.

How to troubleshoot: basic methods

To adjust the steering, you will need a standard set of tools to adjust the mount.

If manual measurement or the K 524 M device shows an unsuitable result, you should do the following:

Try adjusting the screws that reinforce the universal joints. These elements can be found on the steering shaft.
Use the hinge adjustment screw to set the required parameter.
Check the amount of play. If the free play remains above normal, it is necessary to look for another reason.
Tighten the adjusting nut on the steering rack (if equipped), this will eliminate the gaps between the toothed bar and the drive gear, which may be the cause of the play.

The next step in the adjustment may be to adjust the tie rod joints.

It is more difficult to do this in a garage, because to complete the work you will need an overpass, inspection hole or lift.

You will most likely see that the hinges are damaged, which indicates that the screws need to be tightened. In addition, it is worth stretching the steering rods.

If it is not possible to eliminate the backlash using the methods described above, there is only one solution left - to disassemble the steering mechanism and replace the failed parts.

If you do not have the necessary experience and knowledge, you can contact experienced specialists at a service station.

Causes and ways to eliminate play in the steering

Is there any play in the steering wheel? Let's figure out what to do

Causes of backlash

The main reason for the formation of play can be considered the poor quality of roads, when the suspension is forced to take on a large load. Part of this load falls on the elements of the steering system. The situation can be significantly aggravated when low-quality rubber is used, since this helps to reduce the service life of the suspension and steering linkage.
A loose nut is another possible cause of play. This can be eliminated by tightening the screw in the steering wheel cover. To do this, you must first remove the fastening casing, and after that all that remains is to tighten the nut using a wrench of the required diameter. In modern car models, airbags are mounted in the steering wheel trim, so you must first dismantle this unit to gain access to the nut. This work must be carried out with the battery terminals disconnected to ensure safety. It is important to understand that if the nuts are not tightened in a timely manner, the splines in the place where the steering wheel is fixed begin to actively wear out, which leads to the steering wheel turning and a complete loss of vehicle controllability.
Wear of rod ends is a cause that carries great danger. These elements are constantly exposed to dirt, so they become faulty quite quickly. The result of such a destructive effect is the formation of gaps in the ball joint of the tips, and if they are completely malfunctioning, it is simply impossible to control the machine. Fixing such a breakdown requires contacting a service to completely replace the elements.

In addition, some reasons for the formation of backlash relate to the design features of the steering system. These reasons include:

Malfunctions of the ball joint and wheel bearings;
Loosening the steering wheel fixing nut and adjusting rods;
Failure of hinges, splines;
Gear malfunctions;
Low quality hydraulic oil.

Diagnostics

Start the engine and ensure it runs at idle speed;
Check the performance of the hydraulic booster;
Install the front wheels of the car parallel to the longitudinal axis of the car;
When turning the steering wheel in different directions, determine the moment when the wheels begin to move. Backlash in this situation is the period of steering wheel travel before the wheels begin to move.

To detect the presence of play, there is also a device called a play meter. With its help, measuring free play is much easier.

Elimination

To adjust the steering system, you will need a simple set of tools to adjust the mounting elements. The work can be carried out in a regular garage with an overpass or inspection hole. If the test results are unsatisfactory, you must use the assistant to perform a number of actions:

Identify the source of the extraneous knock and check the performance of the suspension;
Try to tighten the steering bar;
When turning the steering wheel in different directions within the available free play, check the performance of the propeller shaft near the rack and ball ends of the rod. In addition, it is necessary to look at the degree of tightness of the rods;
If there is no damage to the steering bar, it is necessary to eliminate the play in the rack by turning the adjusting screw.

The most common cause of play in the driveshaft is insufficient lubrication, and it can only be eliminated by replacing the part. Backlash in the area where the rods meet is eliminated by spot welding. If necessary, the ball ends should be repaired or completely replaced. After doing all this work, all that remains is to check whether there is any play in the steering wheel.

It is important to understand that the safety of the driver himself and the passengers in his car directly depends on the serviceability of the vehicle control system. If faults are identified in this system, it is recommended to entrust the work of eliminating them to professional specialists who have the necessary experience and knowledge.

What is steering play, how to determine it and fix it yourself

Control problems, along with brake failures, are the worst things that can happen to a car in motion. The real harbinger of such problems is steering play. Let's figure out what it is and how to protect yourself.

So, play is a flaw in the steering. It occurs due to problems with the steering rack, or the calibration of the steering wheel itself. Essentially, this is a poor reaction of the wheels to turning the steering wheel, which is expressed in the form of a reserve.

To put it simply: if you turn the steering wheel to the side, but the wheels do not react immediately, this is the same play. It’s worth noting right away that many manufacturers provide a slight free play of the steering wheel, without “hooking” the wheels themselves. You can find out the corresponding freewheel parameters in the technical documentation of your vehicle.

Other troubles

In addition to backlash, you should be attentive to other troubles associated with turning and steering:

Increasing effort. If you notice that you need to apply more and more force to the steering wheel in order to make a turn, then this is also a sign of a problem. This happens due to wear of the rack or gearbox.
Spontaneous deviation. Let's assume that you parked your car in the evening, leaving the steering wheel strictly in the center. In the morning, getting into the cabin, you noticed that it was tilted, while the wheels remained straight.
Leaks. Liquid can leak both from the rack seal and from the power steering barrel. You can find them under your car, or during a self-inspection in a pit.

If one of these aspects is detected, we recommend immediately contacting the service and checking the mechanisms. One diagnostic that you pay for can save not only your future budget, but also the health and life of you and your passengers.

Tolerance

As we have already said, automakers set the permissible amount of play. It is usually 2-3 millimeters, or degrees of slope. They are necessary so that the control mechanisms are not under constant pressure and, accordingly, last longer due to less wear.

The norm is prescribed in the technical documentation, but it may be different for different vehicles. Usually for buses and trucks it is slightly higher, again, due to the greater load on the steering rack. For passenger cars it is limited to a couple of degrees.

Examination

Checking the play can be carried out either independently or with the help of service specialists. In order to find out the value yourself, you will need a ruler, some kind of marker or chalk and the attentive eye of an assistant.

Set the steering wheel to a normal, straight position. You can determine it using a ruler with a water capsule, the so-called level.
Having placed the steering wheel, we make a mark at the very top of it. We place a regular ruler in front of the steering wheels. We compare the mark with the reading on the ruler. Let's say we got the mark to be at 15 centimeters.
Then, we slowly turn the steering wheel, counting the centimeters by which we have deviated. For example, we rotate it to the left, which means our mark will approach 14 centimeters and further.
Our observer watches the wheels and signals when they have moved. When we received his command, we stop the rotation and record the indicator. Let's say our mark remains at 13.5 centimeters. This means the play is 1.5 centimeters.
This work can be ideally done using a protractor. You just need a big one, something like what engineers and architects use. It can be purchased in the office supply department. The principle is the same, but the data obtained will be in degrees, which suits us better.

At a service station, such work is carried out using a special device - a backlash meter. This is a small computer that connects to the steering wheel and calculates the deviations itself. Naturally, it is much more accurate and gives a better picture of the situation and the necessary corrections. With its help, the total play of the steering wheel is calculated. If the documentation does not allow it, then we need to move on to correction.

How to fix

What to do if the indicators are critical? Of course, eliminate the found play. The main reasons are in the steering column. She can betray her illnesses not only with deviations, but also with a corresponding knock. You will most likely notice the knocking only when the deviation is already large enough and adjustment is needed.

It is not possible to completely remove free play; remember the necessary margin to extend the service life of parts. We need to reduce it until we reach critical levels. Therefore, we climb into the area of the steering rack.

Task: tighten up all the parts and replace such consumables. Take a wrench or hexagon. We find the nuts that secure the spare part. It will be located next to the oil seals or other rubber elements. We need to adjust these nuts.

The process is not fast. We tighten it a little bit, and then take new measurements. And so on until we get to the right degrees. Additionally, you can replace the oil seals, lubricate everything that requires it, and check the fluids if we are talking about the hydraulic booster.

Source: https://vsedetali.kz/zhurnal/kak_opredelit_lyuft_rulja_i_ispravit_ego_svoimi_rukami/