Report on the topic: "Prevention and prevention of traffic violations"

Analysis of accident statistics

The traffic police records all cases of death and injury as a result of road accidents. Over the past year, the number of accidents in which there were victims reached 126,000. Number of deaths: 16.6 thousand adults, 582 children. A total of 168,146 citizens were injured, of which 15,860 were children.

To reduce the number of victims, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, public associations, cultural and educational organizations are making joint efforts to improve this situation. The population is told in accessible ways how to avoid accidents and taught the rules of behavior on highways and city streets.

Most often, collisions with people, obstacles and cars are caused by drunk drivers. Car accidents also occur due to bad roads, inattention of pedestrians, and non-compliance with traffic rules by road users.

Now let's look at the reasons

A road traffic injury is a fatal or non-fatal injury resulting from a traffic accident involving at least one vehicle in motion.

When an accident occurs, the following factors are distinguished: the road, the driver, the car and the pedestrian. In a tragic case, at least two of them are usually involved. The main thing is the person, and the primary ones are the driver and the pedestrian. So, to the reasons.

Road accidents with injuries occur due to the fault of drivers under the influence of alcohol; their number accounts for 11% of the total number of accidents.
Ignoring a seat belt, not wearing a child car seat.
Carelessness of pedestrians.
Unexpected exit from the vehicle.

Now let’s talk in more detail about children’s road traffic injuries.

Prevention measures

Preventive measures included in the educational process of schoolchildren and children from 4 to 7 years old are carried out by all interested organizations. Parents and road users should also participate in the training.

Drivers, pedestrians, passengers of public and private transport are required to know and comply with the Rules of Conduct on the Roads. Every adult, if necessary, should be able to take action, stop children and take them away from a dangerous place in order to prevent an accident. .

Basic forms of preventive measures

Road accident prevention refers to work aimed at promoting traffic rules among the population. Traffic police officers, school teachers and kindergarten teachers tell you what needs to be done to prevent the possibility of an accident. Prevention methods:

Explanation by traffic police inspectors of the rules of behavior on the roads among different categories of the population.
Dissemination of information through billboards, television, magazines, newspapers, the Internet, posters. Visual propaganda located along the highway encourages motorists to comply with traffic rules.
Conversations are conducted with each category of citizens that require special attention from the traffic police. Traffic police officers develop lessons that take into account the age category and specific activities of the audience. For adults, classes are conducted in the form of lectures and seminars. In kindergartens and schools, information is presented through educational games. Activities to prevent road accidents can be planned jointly with local youth theaters and palaces of culture.
Regional conferences where participants share experiences and study statistics, causes and prevention of road accidents.

Several police services are responsible for road safety. They are developing measures to prevent accidents and are working to promote rules of conduct on the highway and city streets.

Measures to prevent road accidents

Dear colleagues.

In order to prevent road accidents, the subject of transport activity must carry out annual planning of measures to prevent road accidents.

All measures being developed are divided into two parts - training of workers and preparation of vehicles. Let us examine in detail each item of these activities.

Part 1. Measures to prepare workers carrying out transportation by road and urban ground electric transport (hereinafter referred to as employees of the subject of transport activities) for safe work:

Ensuring the professional selection and professional training of employees of the subject of transport activities filling positions listed in Section I of the List of works, professions, positions directly related to driving vehicles or controlling the movement of vehicles, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 19, 2008 No. 16 “On approval of the list of works, professions, positions directly related to driving vehicles or controlling the movement of vehicles,” and other workers directly related to the movement of vehicles.

Professional selection and training activities must be carried out with all employees performing work on driving official vehicles and employees performing work on driving traffic of official vehicles. This event is usually held when hiring employees. In the action plan, the due date must be indicated “as soon as work begins.”

Ensuring the training of employees of the subject of transport activities in accordance with the professional and qualification requirements for employees of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs carrying out transportation by road and urban ground electric transport.

We provide the necessary training to all employees who are subject to professional and qualification requirements. The specialist responsible for ensuring road safety must also undergo certification. This event is usually held when hiring employees. Certification of the person responsible for road safety is carried out once. In the action plan, you need to indicate the deadline “as soon as you start working” and “a specific month of the year.”

Conducting internships for drivers of motor vehicles and urban ground electric transport when transferring to a new route or when transferring to a new type or model of vehicle.

The internship must be carried out for all employees performing work on driving a vehicle. This event is usually carried out when employees are hired, as well as when transferred to a new route or when transferred to a new type or model of vehicle. In the action plan, the deadline for completion is indicated “as soon as work is received” and “if necessary.”

Providing vehicle drivers with up-to-date information on ensuring safe transportation through appropriate briefings.

Prompt information is communicated to drivers through appropriate briefings by the responsible employee. All types of briefings and positions of responsible employees are indicated in the Regulations on conducting briefings. The duration, time and frequency of briefings depends on the type of briefing. In the action plan, the deadline for completion is indicated “as soon as you start working”, “a specific month of the year”.

Ensuring mandatory medical examinations of drivers.

See also: Tachographs for individuals for vehicles of category N3
We conduct mandatory medical examinations for all employees performing work on driving a vehicle. The duration, time and frequency of this event depend on the type of medical examination. In the action plan, the deadline for completion is indicated “as soon as you start working,” “a specific month of the year,” or “according to the approved schedule.”

Measures to improve drivers’ skills in providing first aid to victims of road accidents.

We improve the skills of providing first aid to victims of road accidents with annual training and professional development of the driver. This event is a separate topic of the 20-hour road safety training program for drivers. In the action plan, the deadline for completion is indicated “a specific month of the year.”

Compliance with the working conditions of drivers in accordance with the work and rest regimes established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as monitoring compliance with these conditions.

Shift schedules for drivers are drawn up, taking into account the peculiarities of work and rest schedules. This event is monthly and compliance with the work and rest regime is controlled using the time actually indicated in the travel sheets. In the action plan, the deadline for completion is indicated “monthly”.

Part 2. Measures to prepare vehicles for safe operation:

Checking the compliance of vehicles for their purpose and design with the technical requirements for the transportation of passengers and cargo.

If the vehicle does not meet the technical requirements for the transportation of passengers and cargo in terms of purpose and design, it is necessary to plan the re-equipment of this vehicle. This event is carried out either immediately after purchasing a vehicle, or after it has been determined that it is no longer suitable for its new purpose. In the action plan, the deadline for completion is indicated “as needed.”

Checking the availability of valid permits necessary for admitting a vehicle to participate in road traffic in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation: a vehicle registration certificate, an insurance policy for compulsory civil liability insurance of vehicle owners, a license for passenger transportation, a waybill, as well as other documents necessary for carrying out specific types of transportation in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

An event to check the availability of documents is carried out every time a vehicle is admitted to the line. When certain documents expire, it is planned to update or replace them. In the action plan, the deadline for execution is indicated “daily”, “annually”, “a specific month of the year”, “as necessary”.

Maintaining vehicles in technically sound condition in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's operating instructions.

It is necessary to plan for minor repairs that can be carried out on your own, without the help of a service station. Measures to maintain vehicles in technically sound condition are carried out whenever faults are detected during daily monitoring. In the action plan, the deadline for completion is indicated “as needed.”

Carrying out maintenance and repair work on vehicles in the manner and volumes determined by the technical and operational documentation of vehicle manufacturers.

See also: Measures to prepare vehicles for safe operation. Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 7

We plan to carry out periodic maintenance and repair work for each vehicle. The event is planned and carried out in accordance with the developed and approved quarterly or monthly schedule. In the action plan, the completion date is indicated “according to the approved schedule.”

Carrying out daily monitoring of the technical condition of vehicles before leaving the line from the parking lot with a corresponding note on the technical serviceability (malfunction) of vehicles in the waybill.

We plan to check the absence of faults that would prohibit the operation of vehicles. This event is carried out every time a vehicle is released onto the line from its parking lot. Monitoring of serviceability is carried out by putting a mark on the waybill. In the action plan, the deadline for execution is indicated “daily”.

Providing parking and storage of vehicles, excluding access to them by unauthorized persons, as well as their unauthorized use by drivers of subjects of transport activities.

We are planning an event to ensure the storage of vehicles and prevent access to them. This activity is carried out by ensuring the storage of vehicles or by concluding an agreement with the relevant organization. In the action plan, the deadline for execution is indicated “as necessary”, “a specific month of the year”. When storing vehicles on your own territory, measures are planned to exclude their unauthorized use and the possibility of leaving the parking lot. For example, installing barriers, appointing someone responsible for storing ignition keys, keeping a log, etc. In the action plan, the execution time is indicated “as needed”, “specific month of the year”, “daily”.

Responsibility for carrying out the activities of Block 1 rests with the specialist responsible for ensuring road safety.

Responsibility for carrying out the activities of Block 2 rests with the specialist responsible for the technical condition and operation of vehicles.

Control over the implementation of all activities is carried out by the manager, in accordance with the developed and approved annual Action Plan for the prevention of road accidents.

We remind you that on the website, in the “Road Traffic Safety Documents” section, you can find samples of documents necessary for organizing work on road safety.

How are they carried out?

Police officers provide explanations in an accessible form on how to avoid getting into an accident. Measures aimed at preventing accidents are developed and implemented:

traffic police;
Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs;
MREO;
Insurance companies;
educational institutions.

Each department is interested in reducing the number of road accidents, deaths and injuries.

Among the drivers

Motorists are the main participants in traffic on the roads. According to the Code of Administrative Offenses, they are directly responsible for compliance with traffic rules and control of the situation. Any violations on their part lead to punishment through fines and deprivation of rights. To avoid loss of life, new forms of preventive measures are created every year. The following have a positive impact on drivers of private cars, public and freight transport:

conversations conducted by MREO employees during vehicle registration;
memos handed out by police officers when communicating with various groups of the population;
targeted electronic mailings telling about changes in the Code of Administrative Offenses and Traffic Regulations;
banners, banners, posters and other types of visual propaganda reminding motorists of the need to follow the rules of conduct on the highway and while driving through populated areas;
explanations provided by traffic police officers for persons who have committed minor violations;
flash mobs, rallies with the participation of schoolchildren and parents aimed at improving traffic culture.

With the participation of children

The most important part of the joint work of the police, youth organizations, educational institutions, village and city administrations is the prevention of road accidents involving children.
For each age category, activities are developed that take into account the characteristics of mental perception and the existing basis of knowledge and skills. Children do not remember edifying information presented in the form of a booklet or a boring lecture. Such activities in a child can cause the opposite effect, spurring a desire to do wrong out of a sense of contradiction.

Advice! In order for road accident prevention to encourage young citizens to want to protect themselves, it must be presented in a playful, entertaining form. Ideally, when the children's audience is involved in the action taking place on stage, the audience becomes participants in the performance or concert. Preschoolers are well influenced by cartoons where the main characters invite children to interact and explain the situation that may arise on the road.

Theory must be consolidated in practice. To do this, traffic police officers play out emergency situations. At the end of the activities, the leader of the learning group conducts a test, which makes it clear how effectively the lesson was.

Injury prevention

Prevention of death and injury begins with the personal culture of road users, the use of technical means designed to ensure the safety of the driver, passengers, and pedestrians. To reduce the number of injured and killed during car accidents, the following are used:

Child car seats. Parents must provide care and protection for the child.
Reflective materials. At dusk and at night, it is unacceptable to walk along the road or cross the highway in dark clothes. The driver will not be able to see the person in time and avoid a collision with him.
Training centers. Today, courses and groups of young police assistants are being created everywhere, where children are taught how to avoid problems while driving along the city streets.
Internet games that allow a child to study signs and understand the specifics of traffic on the roads.

The largest number of cases resulting in severe injuries and death occur due to:

recklessness at a red traffic light;
driving a car at high speed through a populated area, during icy conditions, or on a poorly paved highway;
driving a car after drinking alcohol;
motorist communication by phone;
malfunction of the brake system, airbags.

Advice! To reduce the risk of injury, passengers should remain calm and not distract the driver from driving. Pedestrians are required to cross the road only in designated places.

Prevention of injuries in road accidents

Injuries that result from a traffic accident can be any blows, ruptures or other impacts caused to the driver, passenger or pedestrian by a fall, rollover, collision or collision with a vehicle.

Every citizen of Russia must remember that frequent cases of accidents on roads with a high proportion of injuries and casualties are periods of bad weather (icy conditions, fog, rain, slush, blizzards and other phenomena), the dark time of day, when it is difficult to see a pedestrian crossing the roadway , as well as on weekends of any season.

However, in addition, an irresponsible (for example, drunk, inattentive or criminal) driver may appear on the road, even in ideal weather and during daylight hours.

The main causes of injuries in road accidents include the following:

A pedestrian crossing a red light or in the wrong place.
A driver passes a red traffic light.
The driver is drunk.
Speeding while driving.
The passenger forgot to fasten his seat belt.
The airbag mechanism in the car is faulty.
And other unauthorized actions.

What you need to do to avoid injuries as much as possible in an accident:

The driver must comply with all rules and regulations.
The passenger must fasten his seat belt and do not interfere with the driver or distract him while the vehicle is moving.
Pedestrians must cross the roadway only in the designated place, and only when the traffic light allows (green) signal.
Know how to behave in the event of an accident:
examine yourself for injuries if you are conscious;
examine other wounded people and provide them with first aid;
call an ambulance and the police.
Pedestrians must monitor not only the behavior of adults, but also children, warning everyone not to violate traffic rules.
During icy conditions, pedestrians should take simple steps:
step carefully on the entire sole;
avoid places where it is too slippery;
walk only on sanded sidewalks;
attach a strip of sandpaper to the sole of your boots or use shoes with grooved soles;
Girls should not wear high-heeled boots in icy conditions.

In addition, always teach children not to play near roads or run out onto the roadway. Keep an eye on them.

Regarding the responsibility of adults, every driver is simply obliged to know the rules of the road and his responsibilities as a driver while driving a car.

Moreover, if he is driving a specific vehicle, for example, military, official or any other unusual vehicle, then he is also required to know other rules directly related to the equipment he is driving.

A sample of a pre-trial claim to the culprit of an accident for payment of funds can be found in the article: a sample of a pre-trial claim to the culprit of an accident. Approximate amounts of moral damages in a fatal accident are given on the page.

Find out how to get compensation for damages in an accident with a cyclist from useful information.

Recommendations for training traffic rules

Studying the rules of behavior on the roads should begin at the age of 4. A small child easily perceives information in pictures that depict signs and the colors of traffic lights. Kids enjoy playing with cars on special rugs where intersections and city streets are drawn. Schoolchildren are informed about the statistics of accidents involving children, and the causes of accidents are explained.

Car owners themselves should strive to study up-to-date information about changes to the Code of Administrative Offenses. Ignorance of the laws is not a basis for avoiding punishment.

The role of parents in preventive work

Parental care should be manifested in the desire to protect the child from a dangerous situation. Road accident prevention carried out in schools and kindergartens has good results when the efforts of police officers and teachers are supported by the relatives of students.

Children perceive well information that is presented in an involuntary form during a walk with mom and dad. When other pedestrians commit violations, cross the road in the wrong place, the adult must point out to the child that doing so is wrong and tell about the consequences of such an act.

Close relatives explain the rules of behavior to the child:

It is prohibited to run and play on or near the highway;
You can’t make noise in a car or bus;
It is dangerous to throw balls, toys, and large objects onto the road;
when children and old people try to cross the road, you need to help them.

The cause of the accident may be parents' lack of attention to their children. The mother, carried away by communication, does not notice how the baby runs out onto the roadway. If you take your child by the hand while walking around the city near roads, you can avoid trouble.